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Plants can protect themselves from abiotic stress in many different ways, and most include a physical change in the plant’s morphology. Phenotypic plasticity is a plant’s ability to alter and adapt its morphology in response to the external environments to protect themselves against stress. [ 2 ]
Hypersensitive response (HR) is a mechanism used by plants to prevent the spread of infection by microbial pathogens.HR is characterized by the rapid death of cells in the local region surrounding an infection and it serves to restrict the growth and spread of pathogens to other parts of the plant.
The response to the change in calcium elevation depends on the cell type and stress history. Shoot tissue will respond more than root cells, and a cell that already is adapted to cold stress will respond more than one that has not been through cold hardening before.
Plant perception is the ability of plants to sense and respond to the environment by adjusting their morphology and physiology. [1] Botanical research has revealed that plants are capable of reacting to a broad range of stimuli, including chemicals, gravity, light, moisture, infections, temperature, oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations, parasite infestation, disease, physical disruption ...
A germination rate experiment. Plant physiology is a subdiscipline of botany concerned with the functioning, or physiology, of plants. [1]Plant physiologists study fundamental processes of plants, such as photosynthesis, respiration, plant nutrition, plant hormone functions, tropisms, nastic movements, photoperiodism, photomorphogenesis, circadian rhythms, environmental stress physiology, seed ...
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a family of proteins produced by cells in response to exposure to stressful conditions. They were first described in relation to heat shock, [1] but are now known to also be expressed during other stresses including exposure to cold, [2] UV light [3] and during wound healing or tissue remodeling. [4]
Once the plant perceives a mechanical stimulus via mechanoreceptor cells or mechanoreceptor proteins within the plasma membrane of a cell, the resulting ion flux is integrated through signaling pathways resulting in a response. The signaling cascade (integration) and response is dependent on the type of stimulus and the particular species.
Furthermore, it is hard to generalize the polyamines are directly associated to stress condition because [7] there is often an immediate increase in polyamine levels in response to stress, but after a while polyamine levels decrease and resemble those of non-stressed plants, even if the stress conditions persist.