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  2. Modified-release dosage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modified-release_dosage

    Modified-release dosage is a mechanism that (in contrast to immediate-release dosage) delivers a drug with a delay after its administration (delayed-release dosage) or for a prolonged period of time (extended-release [ER, XR, XL] dosage) or to a specific target in the body (targeted-release dosage).

  3. Route of administration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Route_of_administration

    A medical professional injects medication into a gastric tube. Many drugs as tablets, capsules, or drops are taken orally. Administration methods directly into the stomach include those by gastric feeding tube or gastrostomy. Substances may also be placed into the small intestines, as with a duodenal feeding tube and enteral nutrition. Enteric ...

  4. Pharmaceutical formulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmaceutical_formulation

    These include solubilizers, stabilizers, buffers, tonicity modifiers, bulking agents, viscosity enhancers/reducers, surfactants, chelating agents, and adjuvants. If concentrated by evaporation, the drug may be diluted before administration. For IV administration, the drug may be transferred from a vial to an IV bag and mixed with other materials.

  5. Capsule (pharmacy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsule_(pharmacy)

    Other ingredients can be added to the gelling agent solution including plasticizers such as glycerin or sorbitol to decrease the capsule's hardness, coloring agents, preservatives, disintegrants, lubricants and surface treatment. Since their inception, capsules have been viewed by consumers as the most efficient method of taking medication.

  6. Medication discontinuation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medication_discontinuation

    Medication discontinuation is the ceasing of a medication treatment for a patient by either the clinician or the patient themself. [1] [2] When initiated by the clinician, it is known as deprescribing. [3] Medication discontinuation is an important medical practice that may be motivated by a number of reasons: [4] [3] Reducing polypharmacy

  7. List of withdrawn drugs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_withdrawn_drugs

    Suspended in Europe Increased risk of skin cancers. [26] [27] Iodinated casein strophantin: 1964 US Metabolic reaction. [3] Iproniazid: 1964 Canada Interactions with food products containing tyrosine. [28] Isaxonine phosphate: 1984 France Hepatotoxicity. [3] Isoxicam: 1983 France, Germany, Spain, others Stevens–Johnson syndrome. [3] Kava Kava ...

  8. Suspension (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suspension_(chemistry)

    A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture in which the solid particles do not dissolve, but get suspended throughout the bulk of the solvent, left floating around freely in the medium. [1] The internal phase (solid) is dispersed throughout the external phase (fluid) through mechanical agitation, with the use of certain excipients or suspending ...

  9. Infusion therapy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infusion_therapy

    Infusion therapy involves the administration of medication through a needle or catheter. Typically, "infusion therapy" means that a drug is administered intravenously or subcutaneously. The term may pertain where drugs are provided through other non-oral routes of administration , such as intramuscular injection and epidural administration ...