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Neonatal sepsis is a type of neonatal infection and specifically refers to the presence in a newborn baby of a bacterial blood stream infection (BSI) (such as meningitis, pneumonia, pyelonephritis, or gastroenteritis) in the setting of fever.
Delaying initiation of vasopressor therapy during septic shock is associated with increased mortality. [73] Norepinephrine is often used as a first-line treatment for hypotensive septic shock because evidence shows that there is a relative deficiency of vasopressin when shock continues for 24 to 48 hours. [74]
Septic shock is a result of a systemic response to infection or multiple infectious causes. The precipitating infections that may lead to septic shock if severe enough include but are not limited to appendicitis, pneumonia, bacteremia, diverticulitis, pyelonephritis, meningitis, pancreatitis, necrotizing fasciitis, MRSA and mesenteric ischemia.
In cases where diagnosis and appropriate treatment are delayed, the case fatality rate approaches 50%. Recovery is possible with appropriate, timely management of the illness. Mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid treatments may be necessary depending on the recovering patient's electrolyte status and response to treatment.
Distributive shock is different from the other three categories of shock in that it occurs even though the output of the heart is at or above a normal level. [2] The most common cause is sepsis leading to a type of distributive shock called septic shock, a condition that can be fatal. [1]
Septic shock, kidney failure, liver failure, cerebral edema, organ failure, death [1] Lemierre's syndrome is infectious thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein . [ 2 ] It most often develops as a complication of a bacterial sore throat infection in young, otherwise healthy adults.
People with septic shock will also likely be positive for SIRS criteria. The most generally accepted treatment for these patients is early recognition of symptoms, and early administration of broad spectrum and organism specific antibiotics. [19] Signs of septic shock include: Abnormal heart rhythms, often a fast heart rate; Reduced blood pressure
Shock is when the body does not have adequate circulation to provide oxygen to body tissues. Hypovolemic shock occurs due to low circulating volume of fluids in the blood vessels. Distributive shock , which can occur due to anaphylaxis or sepsis, results in widespread dilation of blood vessels in the body resulting in lower blood pressure.