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Virus classification showing major ranks This is a list of biological virus families and subfamilies. See also Comparison of computer viruses. This is an alphabetical list of biological virus families and subfamilies; it includes those families and subfamilies listed by the ICTV 2023 report. [1] For a list of individual species, see List of ...
Multipartite is a class of virus that have segmented nucleic acid genomes, with each segment of the genome enclosed in a separate viral particle. Only a few ssDNA viruses have multipartite genomes, but a many more RNA viruses have multipartite genomes. [1]
Baltimore classification groups viruses together based on their manner of mRNA synthesis. Characteristics directly related to this include whether the genome is made of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or ribonucleic acid (RNA), the strandedness of the genome, which can be either single- or double-stranded, and the sense of a single-stranded genome, which is either positive or negative.
The order name Articulavirales derives from Latin articulata meaning "segmented" (alluding to the segmented genome of member viruses) added to the suffix for virus orders -virales. [3] The class name Insthoviricetes is a portmanteau of member viruses " in fluenza, i s avirus, and tho gotovirus" added to the suffix -viricetes for virus classes.
Segmented genomes confer evolutionary advantages; different strains of a virus with a segmented genome can shuffle and combine genes and produce progeny viruses (or offspring) that have unique characteristics. This is called reassortment or 'viral sex'. [68]
Bunyavirales is an order of segmented negative-strand RNA viruses with mainly tripartite genomes. Member viruses infect arthropods, plants, protozoans, and vertebrates. [2] It is the only order in the class Ellioviricetes. [1] The name Bunyavirales derives from Bunyamwera, [3] where the original type species Bunyamwera orthobunyavirus was first ...
It is particularly used when two similar viruses that are infecting the same cell exchange genetic material. More specifically, it refers to the swapping of entire segments of the genome, which only occurs between viruses with segmented genomes. [1] (All known viruses with segmented genomes are RNA viruses.)
Segmented genomes: Bunyaviridae, Orthomyxoviridae, Arenaviridae, and Reoviridae (acronym BOAR). All are RNA viruses. Viruses transmitted almost exclusively by arthropods: Bunyavirus, Flavivirus, and Togavirus. Some Reoviruses are transmitted from arthropod vectors. All are RNA viruses. [3]