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Special education (also known as special-needs education, aided education, alternative provision, exceptional student education, special ed., SDC, and SPED) is the practice of educating students in a way that accommodates their individual differences, disabilities, and special needs. This involves the individually planned and systematically ...
The term special needs is a short form of special education needs [11] [12] and is a way to refer to students with disabilities, in which their learning may be altered or delayed compared to other students. [13]
Special education in the United States enables students with exceptional learning needs to access resources through special education programs. "The idea of excluding students with any disability from public school education can be traced back to 1893, when the Massachusetts Supreme Court expelled a student merely due to poor academic ability". [1]
Next, goals and assessments must be provided to align with students' educational needs. A state is allowed to develop alternate or modified assessments for students in special education programs, but benchmarks and progress must still be met on these tests that indicate adequate yearly progress (AYP).
An Individualized Education Program (IEP) is a legal document under United States law that is developed for each public school child in the U.S. who needs special education. [1] IEPs must be reviewed every year to keep track of the child's educational progress. [2] Similar legal documents exist in other countries. [3]
"Special Educational Needs and Disability: A. Cognition and Learning Needs". teachernet. Archived from the original on 2010-05-01. Retrieved 2010-12-08. Vickerman, Philip (2009-07-08). "Severe Learning Difficulties". Teacher Training Resource Bank. UK. Archived from the original on 2014-10-26. Retrieved 2014-10-19. Extensive further references.
FAPE is a civil right rooted in the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution, which includes the Equal Protection and Due Process clauses.. FAPE is defined in the Code of Federal Regulations (7 CFR 15b.22) [6] as "the provision of regular or special education and related aids and services that (i) are designed to meet individual needs of handicapped persons as adequately as the ...
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