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Liver function tests (LFTs or LFs), also referred to as a hepatic panel or liver panel, are groups of blood tests that provide information about the state of a patient's liver. [1] These tests include prothrombin time (PT/INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), albumin , bilirubin (direct and indirect), and others.
Midodrine, also known as 3,6-dimethoxy-β-hydroxy-N-aminoethanonyl-2-phenylethylamine, is a substituted phenethylamine derivative. [4] Midodrine is an odorless, white, crystalline powder, soluble in water and sparingly soluble in methanol. [19] Midodrine's experimental log P is -0.5 and its predicted log P ranges from -0.49 to -0.95.
Fatty liver disease can occur in pets such as reptiles (particularly turtles [48]) and birds [49] as well as mammals like cats and dogs. [50] The most common cause is overnutrition. A distinct sign in birds is a misshapen beak. Fatty livers can be induced via gavage in geese or ducks to produce foie gras. Fatty liver can also be induced in ...
[1] [2] Other terms include transaminasemia, [3] and elevated liver enzymes (though they are not the only enzymes in the liver). Normal ranges for both ALT and AST vary by gender, age, and geography and are roughly 8-40 U/L (0.14-0.67 μkal/L). [ 4 ]
Desglymidodrine (developmental code name ST-1059) is the active metabolite of the prodrug antihypotensive agent midodrine. [1] [2] [3] It acts as a selective α 1-adrenergic receptor agonist. [1] [2] [3] Desglymidodrine is formed from midodrine via deglycination. [1] [2] [3]
Damage to these tissues causes the release of ALP into the bloodstream. Elevated levels can be detected through a blood test. Elevated alkaline phosphate is associated with certain medical conditions [3] or syndromes (e.g., hyperphosphatasia with mental retardation syndrome, HPMRS). It serves as a significant indicator for certain medical ...
The proportion of AST to ALT in hepatocytes is about 2.5:1, but because AST is removed from serum by the liver sinusoidal cells twice as quickly (serum half-life t 1/2 = 18 hr) compared to ALT (t 1/2 = 36 hr), so the resulting serum levels of AST and ALT are about equal in healthy individuals, resulting in a normal AST/ALT ratio around 1.
Cirrhosis and chronic liver disease were the tenth leading cause of death for men and the twelfth for women in the United States in 2001, killing about 27,000 people each year. [ 157 ] The cause of cirrhosis can vary; alcohol and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are main causes in western and industrialized countries, whereas viral hepatitis ...