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In organic chemistry, an imide is a functional group consisting of two acyl groups bound to nitrogen. [1] The compounds are structurally related to acid anhydrides , although imides are more resistant to hydrolysis.
Heating magnesium amide to about 400 °C yields magnesium imide with the loss of ammonia. Magnesium imide itself decomposes if heated between 455 and 490 °C. [6] Beryllium imide forms from beryllium amide when heated to 230 °C in a vacuum. [7] When strontium metal is heated with ammonia at 750 °C, the dark yellow strontium imide forms. [8]
When R = H, the compound is a primary imine, when R is hydrocarbyl, the compound is a secondary imine. If this group is not a hydrogen atom, then the compound can sometimes be referred to as a Schiff base. [9] When R 3 is OH, the imine is called an oxime, and when R 3 is NH 2 the imine is called a hydrazone.
Chemical functional group, related to anhydrides and imides. In chemistry imidines are a rare functional group, being the nitrogen analogues of anhydrides and imides.They were first reported by Adolf Pinner in 1883, [1] but did not see significant investigation until the 1950s, when Patrick Linstead and John Arthur Elvidge developed a number of compounds.
Amidoximes are oximes of amides (R 1 C(=O)NR 2 R 3) with general structure R 1 C(=NOH)NR 2 R 3. Oximes are usually generated by the reaction of hydroxylamine with aldehydes (R−CH=O) or ketones (RR’C=O). The term oxime dates back to the 19th century, a combination of the words oxygen and imine. [1]
The carbonyl is first treated with ammonia to promote imine formation by nucleophilic attack. The imine is then reduced to an amine by sodium cyanoborohydride. This reaction works on both aldehydes and ketones. The carbonyl can be treated with ammonia, a primary amine, or a secondary amine to produce, respectively, 1°, 2°, and 3° amines. [5]
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Ethanimine is an organonitrogen compound classified as an imine. It is formed by reacting acetaldehyde and ammonia, but rapidly polymerizes to acetaldehyde ammonia trimer. It has two tautomers: ethanimine, an imine, and ethenamine or aminoethylene, an amine. Ethanimine has two hydrogens on the carbon, while ethenamine has two on the nitrogen atom.