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The goal of the attack is to gain information that reduces the security of the encryption scheme. [ 2 ] Modern ciphers aim to provide semantic security, also known as ciphertext indistinguishability under chosen-plaintext attack , and they are therefore, by design, generally immune to chosen-plaintext attacks if correctly implemented.
Quantum cryptography is the science of exploiting quantum mechanical properties to perform cryptographic tasks. [1] [2] The best known example of quantum cryptography is quantum key distribution, which offers an information-theoretically secure solution to the key exchange problem. The advantage of quantum cryptography lies in the fact that it ...
The most common definitions used in cryptography are indistinguishability under chosen-plaintext attack (abbreviated IND-CPA), indistinguishability under (non-adaptive) chosen-ciphertext attack (IND-CCA1), and indistinguishability under adaptive chosen-ciphertext attack (IND-CCA2). Security under either of the latter definition implies security ...
For example, the El Gamal cryptosystem is semantically secure under chosen-plaintext attack, but this semantic security can be trivially defeated under a chosen-ciphertext attack. Early versions of RSA padding used in the SSL protocol were vulnerable to a sophisticated adaptive chosen-ciphertext attack which revealed SSL session keys.
The security proof of the collision resistance was based on weakened assumptionsm, and eventually a second pre-image attack was found. FSB — Fast Syndrome-Based hash function —it can be proven that breaking FSB is at least as difficult as solving regular syndrome decoding , which is known to be NP-complete.
The known-plaintext attack (KPA) is an attack model for cryptanalysis where the attacker has access to both the plaintext (called a crib) and its encrypted version ().These can be used to reveal secret keys and code books.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to cryptography: Cryptography (or cryptology) – practice and study of hiding information. Modern cryptography intersects the disciplines of mathematics, computer science, and engineering. Applications of cryptography include ATM cards, computer passwords, and electronic ...
The Encyclopedia of Cryptography and Security is a comprehensive work on Cryptography for both information security professionals and experts in the fields of Computer Science, Applied Mathematics, Engineering, Information Theory, Data Encryption, etc. [1] It consists of 460 articles in alphabetical order and is available electronically and in print.