Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The Reynolds and Womersley Numbers are also used to calculate the thicknesses of the boundary layers that can form from the fluid flow’s viscous effects. The Reynolds number is used to calculate the convective inertial boundary layer thickness that can form, and the Womersley number is used to calculate the transient inertial boundary thickness that can form.
Hence buoyancy force arises as pressure on the bottom surface of the immersed object is greater than that at the top. Flow problems in buildings were studied since 700 B.C. Recent advancements in CFD and CAE have led to comprehensive calculation of buoyancy flows and flows in buildings.
Flow velocity vector field u = (,) m s −1 [L][T] −1: Velocity pseudovector ... F b = Buoyant force; F g = Gravitational force; W app = Apparent weight of immersed ...
Gaussian plume models can be used in several fluid dynamics scenarios to calculate concentration distribution of solutes, such as a smoke stack release or contaminant released in a river. Gaussian distributions are established by Fickian diffusion , and follow a Gaussian (bell-shaped) distribution. [ 14 ]
Dimensionless numbers (or characteristic numbers) have an important role in analyzing the behavior of fluids and their flow as well as in other transport phenomena. [1] They include the Reynolds and the Mach numbers, which describe as ratios the relative magnitude of fluid and physical system characteristics, such as density, viscosity, speed of sound, and flow speed.
Further, the flow is assumed to be incompressible and irrotational – a good approximation of the flow in the fluid interior for waves on a liquid surface – and potential theory can be used to describe the flow. The velocity potential Φ(x, z, t) is related to the flow velocity components u x and u z in the horizontal (x) and vertical (z ...
The shallow-water equations (SWE) are a set of hyperbolic partial differential equations (or parabolic if viscous shear is considered) that describe the flow below a pressure surface in a fluid (sometimes, but not necessarily, a free surface). [1] The shallow-water equations in unidirectional form are also called (de) Saint-Venant equations ...
However, because the acceleration following the motion, which is given in (1) as the difference between the Coriolis force and the pressure gradient force, depends on the departure of the actual wind from the geostrophic wind, it is not permissible to simply replace the velocity by its geostrophic velocity in the Coriolis term. [4]