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Squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC), also known as epidermoid carcinoma, comprises a number of different types of cancer that begin in squamous cells. [1] These cells form on the surface of the skin, on the lining of hollow organs in the body, and on the lining of the respiratory and digestive tracts .
Oropharyngeal cancer, [1] [2] [3] also known as oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and tonsil cancer, [1] is a disease in which abnormal cells with the potential to both grow locally and spread to other parts of the body are found in the oral cavity, in the tissue of the part of the throat that includes the base of the tongue, the tonsils, the soft palate, and the walls of the pharynx.
Squamous cell carcinoma is most likely to appear in males over 40 years of age with a history of heavy alcohol use coupled with smoking. [citation needed] All squamous cell carcinomas arising from the oropharynx, and all neck node metastases of unknown primary should undergo testing for HPV status. This is essential to adequately stage the ...
The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified three subtypes of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: [citation needed] type 1: squamous cell carcinoma, typically found in older adults; type 2: non-keratinizing carcinoma; type 3: undifferentiated carcinoma; Type 3 is most commonly found among younger children and adolescents, with a few type 2 cases.
The lesion at the base of the keratin mound is benign in the majority of cases. Malignancy is present in up to 20% of cases, with squamous-cell carcinoma being the most common type. The incidence of squamous-cell carcinoma increases to 37% when the cutaneous horn is present on the penis. [3] Cutaneous horn in right ear
It is typically a squamous-cell carcinoma, reflecting its origin from the epithelium of the larynx. The prognosis is affected by the location of the tumour. For the purposes of staging , the larynx is divided into three anatomical regions: the glottis (true vocal cords , anterior and posterior commissures); the supraglottis ( epiglottis ...
A survey of 23 countries between 1983 and 2002 showed an increase in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma that was particularly noticeable in young men in economically developed countries. [220] [12] In the United Kingdom the incidence of oral and oropharyngeal cancer in men rose 51%, from 7/100,000 to 11/100,000 between 1989 and 2006. [233]
There is a risk of metastasis starting more than 10 years [citation needed] after diagnosable appearance of squamous-cell carcinoma, but the risk is low, [specify] though much [specify] higher than with basal-cell carcinoma. Squamous-cell cancers of the lip and ears have high rates of local recurrence and distant metastasis. [27]