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A PWM-capable fan is usually connected to a 4-pin connector (pinout: Ground, +12 V, sense, control). The sense pin is used to relay the rotation speed of the fan and the control pin is an open-drain or open-collector output, which requires a pull-up to 5 V or 3.3 V in the fan.
SpeedFan is a system monitor for Microsoft Windows that can read temperatures, voltages and fan speeds of computer components. [3] It can change computer fan speeds depending on the temperature of various components. [1] [4] The program can display system variables as charts and as an indicator in the system tray.
4-Wire PWM Controlled Fans Specification v1.3 – Intel; 3-Wire and 4-Wire Fan Connectors – Intel; 3-Wire and 4-Wire Fan Pinouts – AllPinouts; How PC Fans Work (2/3/4-wire) – PCB Heaven; Why and How to Control (2/3/4-wire) Fan Speed for Cooling Electronic Equipment – Analog Devices; PWM Fan Controller project – Alan's Electronic Projects
AM3+ CPUs are not mechanically compatible with AM3 sockets as AM3+ CPUs have an additional pin that the AM3 socket can not accommodate. Another issue is the use of the sideband temperature sensor interface for reading the temperature from the CPU. Therefore, some CPU PWM fan headers may only run at full speed.
A dedicated pulse-width modulation (PWM) block makes it possible for the CPU to control power converters, resistive loads, motors, etc., without using many CPU resources in tight timer loops. A universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (UART) block makes it possible to receive and transmit data over a serial line with very little load on the CPU.
PWM rectifier (Pulse-width modulation rectifier) is an AC to DC power converter, that is implemented using forced commutated power electronic semiconductor switches. Conventional PWM converters are used for wind turbines that have a permanent-magnet alternator. [1] Today, insulated gate bipolar transistors are typical switching devices.
On May 2, 2017, Microsoft unveiled Windows 10 S (referred to in leaks as Windows 10 Cloud), a feature-limited edition of Windows 10 which was designed primarily for devices in the education market (competing, in particular, with ChromeOS netbooks), such as the Surface Laptop that Microsoft also unveiled at this time. The OS restricts software ...
PIC18F4550 running at 48 MHz (after PLL with 10 MHz external crystal). 32 Kbyte flash/program memory (~28 KB after bootloader). 20 digital I/O pins. 6 analog input pin. 2 PWM output pin. Extra pads with standard 0.1” (2.54 mm) pitch to pitch. Program with MPLAB X IDE and XC8 compiler (library is open source and provided).