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Some lichens grow on rocks without soil, so may be among the first of life forms, and break down the rocks into soil for plants. [11] Since some uninhabited land may have thin, poor quality soils with few nutrients, pioneer species are often hardy plants with adaptations such as long roots, root nodes containing nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and leaves that employ transpiration.
Ecology of Banksia. The ecology of Banksia is the relationships and interactions among the plant genus Banksia and its environment. Banksia has a number of adaptations that have so far enabled the genus to survive despite dry, nutrient-poor soil, low rates of seed set, high rates of seed predation and low rates of seedling survival.
Evolution is the change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations. [1] [2] It occurs when evolutionary processes such as natural selection and genetic drift act on genetic variation, resulting in certain characteristics becoming more or less common within a population over successive generations. [3]
A lichen is a composite organism that emerges from algae or cyanobacteria living among the filaments (hyphae) of the fungi in a mutually beneficial symbiotic relationship. The fungi benefit from the carbohydrates produced by the algae or cyanobacteria via photosynthesis.
Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype. It is a key mechanism of evolution, the change in the heritable traits characteristic of a population over generations. Charles Darwin popularised the term "natural selection", contrasting it with artificial selection, which is ...
A cactus (pl.: cacti, cactuses, or less commonly, cactus) [ 3 ] is a member of the plant family Cactaceae (/ kækˈteɪsi.iː, - ˌaɪ /), [ a ] a family comprising about 127 genera with some 1,750 known species of the order Caryophyllales. [ 4 ] The word cactus derives, through Latin, from the Ancient Greek word κάκτος (káktos), a name ...
The annelids (/ ˈænəlɪdz /), also known as the segmented worms, comprise a large phylum called Annelida (/ əˈnɛlɪdə /; from Latin anellus 'little ring'). [ 3 ][ a ] It contains over 22,000 extant species, including ragworms, earthworms, and leeches. The species exist in and have adapted to various ecologies – some in marine ...
The main characteristics they present in their morphology are: Cell wall: the outermost part of archaea, it is arranged around the cell and protects the cell contents. It does not contain peptidoglycan , which makes them naturally resistant to lysozyme .The most common wall is a paracrystalline surface layer formed by proteins or glycoproteins ...