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The conflict between Al-Qaeda and the Islamic State conflict was also referred to as the "Jihadist civil war". [31] Also, since the establishment of the Islamic State, many Al-Qaeda affiliated groups became fractured, with certain factions of the groups pledging allegiance to the Islamic State, while the rest opposed the Islamic State.
The ideology of the Islamic State has been described as being a blend of Salafism, Salafi jihadism, [1] [2] Sunni Islamist fundamentalism, [3] Wahhabism, [4] [5] and Qutbism. [6] [7] [8] Through its official statement of beliefs originally released by its first leader Abu Omar al-Baghdadi in 2007 and subsequently updated since June 2014, the Islamic State defined its creed as "a middle way ...
The UN headquarters building in Baghdad after the Canal Hotel bombing, on 22 August 2003. The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant was founded in 1999 by Jordanian Salafi jihadist Abu Musab al-Zarqawi under the name Jamāʻat al-Tawḥīd wa-al-Jihād (transl." The Organisation of Monotheism and Jihad"). [ 4 ]
e. The Islamic State of Iraq (ISI; Arabic: دولة العراق الإسلاميةDawlat al-ʿIrāq al-ʾIslāmiyyah) was a Salafi jihadist militant organization that fought the forces of the U.S.-led coalition during the Iraqi insurgency.
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These efforts are called the war against the Islamic State, or the war against ISIS. In later years, there were also minor interventions by some states against IS-affiliated groups in Nigeriaand Libya. All these efforts significantly degraded the Islamic State's capabilities by around 2019–2020.
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7 June: ISIL militants took over the University of Anbar in Ramadi, Iraq, killed guards and held 1,300 students hostage, before being ousted by the Iraqi military. [62] [63] 8 June: An ISIL bombing in Jalula killed 18 members of the Kurdish security forces. [64] ISIL forces captured Hawija, Zab, Riyadh, Abbasi, Rashad and Yankaja near Kirkuk. [65]