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The rare-earth elements (REE), also called the rare-earth metals or rare earths, and sometimes the lanthanides or lanthanoids (although scandium and yttrium, which do not belong to this series, are usually included as rare earths), [1] are a set of 17 nearly indistinguishable lustrous silvery-white soft heavy metals. Compounds containing rare ...
Naturally occurring erbium is composed of 6 stable isotopes, 162 Er, 164 Er, 166 Er, 167 Er, 168 Er, and 170 Er, with 166 Er being the most abundant (33.503% natural abundance). 32 radioisotopes have been characterized, with the most stable being 169 Er with a half-life of 9.392 d, 172 Er with a half-life of 49.3 h, 160 Er with a half-life of ...
Thus an indication of these minerals being short in supply and allocated their title as 'rare' earth minerals. [4] Many rare-earth minerals include rare-earth elements which thus hold the same significant purpose of rare-earth minerals. [5] Earth's rare minerals have a wide range of purposes, including defense technologies and day-to-day uses. [6]
Like most other rare earth elements, its usual oxidation state is +3, although some compounds are known with an oxidation state of +2. Lanthanum has no biological role in humans but is used by some bacteria. It is not particularly toxic to humans but does show some antimicrobial activity. Lanthanum usually occurs together with cerium and the ...
The end of the wild ride on the back of skyrocketing prices for so-called rare-earth minerals has been bad news for companies that aimed to capitalize on soaring demand and constricted supply.
This REY-rich mud has great potential as a rare-earth metal resource because of the enormous amount available and its advantageous mineralogical features," the study reads. The study shows that more than 16 million short tons (15 billion kilograms) of rare-earth elements could be "exploited in the near future." As well as yttrium (Y), which is ...
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Mining firm Rare Earths Norway says it has discovered Europe’s largest proven deposit of highly prized rare earth elements, potentially reflecting a watershed moment for both the Nordic country ...