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Avernus was believed to be the entrance to the underworld, and is portrayed as such in the Aeneid of Virgil.According to tradition, all birds flying over the lake were destined to fall dead, [3] hence the lake’s name was transferred to Greek as Ἄορνος (λίμνη) Áornos (límnē) ‚ or 'birdless (lake)'. [4]
Greeks who settled in Italy identified the Acherusian lake into which Acheron flowed with Lake Avernus. Plato in his Phaedo identified Acheron as the second greatest river in the world, excelled only by Oceanus. Following Greek mythology, Charon ferries souls across the Acheron to Hell. Those who were neutral in life sit on the banks.
Lake Avernus (Italian: Lago d'Averno) is a volcanic crater lake located in the Avernus crater in the Campania region of southern Italy, around 4 kilometres (2 + 1 ⁄ 2 miles) west of Pozzuoli. It is near the volcanic field known as the Phlegraean Fields ( Campi Flegrei ) and comprises part of the wider Campanian volcanic arc .
An underground Roman road ran from the southeastern part of Cumae, through Mount Grillo to the shores of Lake Avernus. However, there are sources that distinguished the two Sibyls, such as those that noted it was the Cumaean and not the Cimmerian Sibyl who offered King Tarquin her book of prophecies.
Cumae (Ancient Greek: Κύμη, romanized: (Kumē) or Κύμαι (Kumai) or Κύμα (Kuma); [1] Italian: Cuma) was the first ancient Greek colony of Magna Graecia on the mainland of Italy and was founded by settlers from Euboea in the 8th century BCE.
Averno or Lake Avernus is a lake west of Naples that the Romans mythologized as the entrance to the underworld. The Greek myth of Demeter's daughter Persephone and her marriage to Hades is a recurring topic in the collection, as are the themes of oblivion and death, soul and body, love and isolation.
In Greek mythology, Acherusia (Ancient Greek: Ἀχερουσία λίμνη, romanized: Akherousía límnē or Ἀχερουσίς, Akherousís) was a name given by the ancients to several lakes or swamps, which, like the various rivers called Acheron, were at some time believed to be connected with the underworld, until at last the Acherusia came to be considered to be in the lower world itself.
Ovid expounds this myth of Lara and Mercury in the context the festival of Feralia on February 21, [1] and an informal, secretive women's folk-cult at the same festival, invoking Tacita ("the silent goddess").