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TeX was designed with two main goals in mind: to allow anybody to produce high-quality books with minimal effort, and to provide a system that would give exactly the same results on all computers, at any point in time (together with the Metafont language for font description and the Computer Modern family of typefaces). [4]
Donald Ervin Knuth (/ k ə ˈ n uː θ / [3] kə-NOOTH; born January 10, 1938) is an American computer scientist and mathematician.He is a professor emeritus at Stanford University.
Other languages still in use today include LISP (1958), invented by John McCarthy and COBOL (1959), created by the Short Range Committee. Another milestone in the late 1950s was the publication, by a committee of American and European computer scientists, of "a new language for algorithms"; the ALGOL 60 Report (the " ALGO rithmic L anguage").
Computers and Typesetting is a 5-volume set of books by Donald Knuth published in 1986 describing the TeX and Metafont systems for digital typography.Knuth's computers and typesetting project was the result of his frustration with the lack of decent software for the typesetting of mathematical and technical documents.
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Before computers were invented, and thus becoming computerized (or digital) typesetting, font sizes were changed by replacing the characters with a different size of type. In letterpress printing, individual letters and punctuation marks were cast on small metal blocks, known as "sorts," and then arranged to form the text for a page.
none (unique language) 1961 GPSS: Geoffrey Gordon, IBM: none (unique language) 1962 FORTRAN IV: IBM: FORTRAN II 1962 APL (concept) Kenneth E. Iverson: none (unique language) 1962 Simula (concept) Ole-Johan Dahl (mostly) ALGOL 60 1962 SNOBOL: Ralph Griswold, et al. FORTRAN II, COMIT 1963 Combined Programming Language (CPL) (concept)
In the digital description of fonts (computer fonts), the terms "font" and "typeface" are often used interchangeably. [1] For example, when used in computers, each style is stored in a separate digital font file. In both traditional typesetting and computing, the word "font" refers to the delivery mechanism of an instance of the typeface.