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Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental and behavioral disorder in which an individual has intrusive thoughts (an obsession) and feels the need to perform certain routines (compulsions) repeatedly to relieve the distress caused by the obsession, to the extent where it impairs general function. [1] [2] [7]
The cause of obsessive–compulsive disorder is understood mainly through identifying biological risk factors that lead to obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) symptomology. The leading hypotheses propose the involvement of the orbitofrontal cortex , basal ganglia , and/or the limbic system , with discoveries being made in the fields of ...
The only diagnosis existing in DSM-5 is obsessive–compulsive disorder. [2] According to DSM-5 compulsions can be mental, but they are always repetitive actions like "praying, counting, repeating words silently". [26] DSM-5 does not have any information that searching an answer for some question can be associated with OCD. [27]
The obsessive–compulsive spectrum is a model of medical classification where various psychiatric, neurological and/or medical conditions are described as existing on a spectrum of conditions related to obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). [1] "
An example of this can be seen in some with Obessive-Compulsive Disorder (can typically include anxiety “triggers” that often cause an individual to have very specific compulsions or obsessions). With this type of disorder, although it can help in ways by relieving symptomatic stress, it can also aid in promoting addiction to alcohol which ...
The Dimensional Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (DOCS) is a 20-item self-report instrument that assesses the severity of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) symptoms along four empirically supported theme-based dimensions: (a) contamination, (b) responsibility for harm and mistakes, (c) incompleteness/symmetry, and (d) unacceptable (taboo) thoughts. [1]
The disorder itself has a later onset in women, and tends to show two distinct peaks of onset. The first peak occurs around puberty and the second around the age of childbearing. These peaks correlate with time periods when heightened estrogen levels suddenly drop in women.