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Synthetic TRH is also used by physicians as a test of TSH reserve in the pituitary gland as it should stimulate the release of TSH and prolactin from this gland. The main releasing hormones are as follows: The hypothalamus uses thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH or thyroliberin) to tell the pituitary to release thyrotropin.
Additionally the acute hormone response results in an increase in glycogen hydrolysis which ultimately increases glucose release needed for energy. Metabolism, or the processes within living cells or organisms to maintain life, is affected by the sympathoadrenal system, especially glucose and fat metabolism.
Several studies have confirmed that addition of kisspeptin to biological systems including rat, mouse, and sheep are able to bring about the release of LH and FSH. Figure 28 03 01. Kisspeptin's ability to stimulate the release of GnRH and gonadotropins is the result of its effect on GnRH release at the hypothalamus. In rat hypothalamus, it was ...
Neurochemical studies have shown that BSR results in the release of dopamine within the nucleus accumbens. [22] This effect is generally potentiated following administration of drugs that themselves increase the amount of extracellular dopamine in the nucleus accumbens, such as cocaine , which inhibits re-uptake of dopamine to the intracellular ...
Amphetamine, the prototypical monoamine releasing agent, which induces the release of dopamine and norepinephrine. [1]A monoamine releasing agent (MRA), or simply monoamine releaser, is a drug that induces the release of one or more monoamine neurotransmitters from the presynaptic neuron into the synapse, leading to an increase in the extracellular concentrations of the neurotransmitters and ...
Other substances known to stimulate insulin release include the amino acids arginine and leucine, parasympathetic release of acetylcholine (acting via the phospholipase C pathway), sulfonylurea, cholecystokinin (CCK, also via phospholipase C), [57] and the gastrointestinally derived incretins, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose ...
Angiotensin is a peptide hormone that causes vasoconstriction and an increase in blood pressure. It is part of the renin–angiotensin system, which regulates blood pressure. Angiotensin also stimulates the release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex to promote sodium retention by the kidneys. An oligopeptide, angiotensin is a hormone and a ...
The mechanisms of sympathomimetic drugs can be direct-acting (direct interaction between drug and receptor), such as α-adrenergic agonists, β-adrenergic agonists, and dopaminergic agonists; or indirect-acting (interaction not between drug and receptor), such as MAOIs, COMT inhibitors, release stimulants, and reuptake inhibitors that increase the levels of endogenous catecholamines.