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Tsuga (/ ˈ s uː ɡ ə /, [3] from Japanese 栂 (ツガ), the name of Tsuga sieboldii) is a genus of conifers in the subfamily Abietoideae of Pinaceae, the pine family.The English-language common name "hemlock" arose from a perceived similarity in the smell of its crushed foliage to that of the unrelated plant hemlock. [4]
Tsuga heterophylla, the western hemlock [2] or western hemlock-spruce, [3] is a species of hemlock native to the northwest coast of North America, with its northwestern limit on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, and its southeastern limit in northern Sonoma County, California. [4] [5] The Latin species name means 'variable leaves'. [6]
Tsuga sieboldii, also called the southern Japanese hemlock, or in Japanese, simply tsuga (栂), is a conifer native to the Japanese islands of Honshū, Kyūshū, Shikoku and Yakushima. In Europe and North America the tree is sometimes used as an ornamental and has been in cultivation since 1861.
An Eastern Hemlock branch at the Kortright Centre for Conservation. Tsuga canadensis, also known as eastern hemlock, [3] eastern hemlock-spruce, [4] or Canadian hemlock, and in the French-speaking regions of Canada as pruche du Canada, is a coniferous tree native to eastern North America. It is the state tree of Pennsylvania. [5]
Tsuga mertensiana subsp. mertensiana. Northern mountain hemlock. Central Oregon northwards. Cones smaller, 30 to 60 mm (1 to 2 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) long, 12 to 25 mm (1 ⁄ 2 to 1 in) broad when open, with 50 to 80 scales. Tsuga mertensiana subsp. mertensiana var. mertensiana. Northern mountain hemlock. Leaves gray-green on both sides.
Tsuga caroliniana, the Carolina hemlock, [3] is a species of hemlock endemic to the United States. As of 2023, it is under review for listing under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 . [ 4 ]
Tsuga diversifolia, commonly known as northern Japanese hemlock, is a species of conifer native to the Japanese islands of Honshū, Kyūshū, and Shikoku.In Europe and North America, the species is sometimes employed as tree for the garden and has been in cultivation since 1861.
Tsuga dumosa, commonly called the Himalayan hemlock [2] or in Chinese, Yunnan tieshan [3] (simplified Chinese: 云南铁杉; traditional Chinese: 雲南鐵杉; pinyin: Yúnnán tiěshān), is a species of conifer native to the eastern Himalayas. It occurs in parts of Nepal, India, Bhutan, Myanmar, Vietnam and Tibet.