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  2. Conventional wastewater treatment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conventional_wastewater...

    Sewage treatmenttreatment and disposal of human waste. Industrial wastewater treatment – the treatment of wet wastes from manufacturing industry and commerce including mining, quarrying and heavy industries. Agricultural wastewater treatmenttreatment and disposal of liquid animal waste, pesticide residues etc. from agriculture.

  3. Wastewater treatment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater_treatment

    Wastewater treatment is a process which removes and eliminates contaminants from wastewater. It thus converts it into an effluent that can be returned to the water cycle. Once back in the water cycle, the effluent creates an acceptable impact on the environment. It is also possible to reuse it. This process is called water reclamation. [1]

  4. Water treatment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_treatment

    Dalecarlia Water Treatment Plant, Washington, D.C. Water treatment is any process that improves the quality of water to make it appropriate for a specific end-use. The end use may be drinking, industrial water supply, irrigation, river flow maintenance, water recreation or many other uses, including being safely returned to the environment.

  5. Advanced oxidation process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_oxidation_process

    the reaction steps presented here are just a part of the reaction sequence, see reference for more details. Photocatalytic oxidation with TiO 2: [15] TiO 2 + UV → e − + h + (irradiation of the photocatalytic surface leads to an excited electron (e −) and electron gap (h +)) Ti(IV) + H 2 O ⇌ Ti(IV)-H 2 O (water adsorbs onto the catalyst ...

  6. Lime softening - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lime_softening

    Lime softening (also known as lime buttering, lime-soda treatment, or Clark's process) [1] is a type of water treatment used for water softening, which uses the addition of limewater (calcium hydroxide) to remove hardness (deposits of calcium and magnesium salts) by precipitation.

  7. Water purification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_purification

    Station for complex water treatment SKO-10K. One of the first steps in most conventional water purification processes is the addition of chemicals to assist in the removal of particles suspended in water. Particles can be inorganic such as clay and silt or organic such as algae, bacteria, viruses, protozoa and natural organic matter.

  8. Activated sludge - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Activated_sludge

    The activated sludge process is a type of biological wastewater treatment process for treating sewage or industrial wastewaters using aeration and a biological floc composed of bacteria and protozoa. It is one of several biological wastewater treatment alternatives in secondary treatment , which deals with the removal of biodegradable organic ...

  9. Electro-oxidation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electro-oxidation

    Simple scheme of the apparatus for electro-oxidation process. The set-up for performing an electro-oxidation treatment consists of an electrochemical cell.An external electric potential difference (aka voltage) is applied to the electrodes, resulting in the formation of reactive species, namely hydroxyl radicals, in the proximity of the electrode surface. [11]