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An impact crater is a depression in the surface of a solid astronomical body formed by the hypervelocity impact of a smaller object. In contrast to volcanic craters, which result from explosion or internal collapse, [2] impact craters typically have raised rims and floors that are lower in elevation than the surrounding terrain. [3]
A volcanic crater is a bowl-shaped depression in the ground caused by volcanic activity, usually located above the volcano's vent. [11] During volcanic eruptions, molten magma and volcanic gases rise from an underground magma chamber, through a conduit, until they reach the crater's vent, from where the gases escape into the atmosphere and the magma is erupted as lava.
Following are the largest impact craters on various worlds of the Solar System.For a full list of named craters, see List of craters in the Solar System.The ratio column compares the crater diameter with the diameter of the impacted celestial body.
Beethoven is a crater at latitude 20°S, longitude 124°W on Mercury. It is 630 km in diameter [note 1] and was named after Ludwig van Beethoven. [1] It is the eleventh largest named impact crater in the Solar System and the third largest on Mercury (after Caloris and Rembrandt).
At Cap d’Erquy, along the northern coast of France, the satellite system picked up on potential structures buried into a crater, according to the release, and the researchers took a closer look.
Descartes is a heavily worn lunar impact crater that is located in the rugged south-central highlands of the Moon. To the southwest is the crater Abulfeda. It is named after the French philosopher, mathematician and physicist René Descartes. [1] The rim of Descartes survives only in stretches, and is completely missing in the north.
The base of the Copernican period is defined based on the recognition that freshly excavated materials on the lunar surface are generally "bright" and that they become darker over time as a result of space weathering processes. Operationally, this period was originally defined as the time at which impact craters "lost" their bright ray systems ...
Oregon's Crater Lake is the deepest lake in America and has crystal-clear waters. But it didn’t used to be a lake at all. This gorgeous lake was once a mountain.