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A zoetrope is a pre-film animation device that produces the illusion of motion, by displaying a sequence of drawings or photographs showing progressive phases of that motion. A zoetrope is a cylindrical variant of the phénakisticope , an apparatus suggested after the stroboscopic discs were introduced in 1833.
It also had an illustrated paper disc on the base, which was not always exploited on the commercially produced versions. On the advice of a local bookstore owner, Lincoln had sent a model to Milton Bradley and Co. in an attempt to market the animation device. [3] December: The zoetrope is advertised in American newspapers by various shop owners ...
April 23: The inventor William Ensign Lincoln is granted a U.S. patent for his zoetrope, as an assignor to the board game manufacturing company Milton Bradley and Co.. [1] [2] [3] This animation device was also patented in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland on June 7, 1867 (application March 6, 1867) under no. 629, by Henry Watson Hallett (as a communication to him by Milton ...
The board game manufacturing company Milton Bradley and Co. had gained patents for the construction of the animation device zoetrope since 1867. [3] [4] The London Stereoscopic and Photographic Company was licensed as the British publisher, and repeated most of the Milton Bradley animations. In 1870, the Stereoscopic & Photographic Company made ...
The praxinoscope allowed a much clearer view of the moving image compared to the zoetrope, since the zoetrope's images were actually mostly obscured by the spaces in between its slits. In 1879, Reynaud registered a modification to the praxinoscope patent to include the Praxinoscope Théâtre , which utilized the Pepper's ghost effect to present ...
By contrast, the invention for which the name "zoetrope" was coined in the 19th century is, like the flip book, an animation device that creates an illusion of motion from a series of images showing successive phases of that motion, by rapidly presenting them to the viewer one after another in such a way that each abruptly replaces (or seems to ...
The praxinoscope improved on the zoetrope by replacing its narrow viewing slits with an inner circle of mirrors that intermittently reflected the images. [56] [57] The praxinoscope allowed a much clearer view of the moving image compared to the zoetrope, since the zoetrope's images were actually mostly obscured by the spaces in between its ...
Collection of simulated phenakistiscopes in action Archived 2016-01-21 at the Wayback Machine – Museum For The History Of Sciences; The Richard Balzer Collection (animated gallery) An exhibit of similar optical toys, including the zoetrope (Laura Hayes and John Howard Wileman Exhibit of Optical Toys in the NCSSM)