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Schematic of an AGC used in the analog telephone network; the feedback from output level to gain is effected via a Vactrol resistive opto-isolator.. Automatic gain control (AGC) is a closed-loop feedback regulating circuit in an amplifier or chain of amplifiers, the purpose of which is to maintain a suitable signal amplitude at its output, despite variation of the signal amplitude at the input.
Automatic gain control circuits are intentionally designed to actively change the overall gain in response to the level of the input, resulting in a transfer function that may vary over time. Gain compression on the other hand is a consequence of analog amplifier circuit non-linearities that are generally undesired.
Frank J. Clement and Bell Labs received a patent in 1969 for a multiple-station conference telephone system that switched its output to the loudest input. [7] The next year, Emil Torick and Richard G. Allen were granted a patent for an "Automatic Gain Control System with Noise Variable Threshold", an adaptive threshold circuit invention with its patent assignation going to Columbia ...
The "P" (proportional) gain, is then increased (from zero) until it reaches the ultimate gain, at which the output of the control loop has stable and consistent oscillations. K u {\displaystyle K_{u}} and the oscillation period T u {\displaystyle T_{u}} are then used to set the P, I, and D gains depending on the type of controller used and ...
Constant False Alarm Rate, a form of Automatic Gain Control (AGC), is a method that relies on clutter returns far outnumbering echoes from targets of interest. The receiver's gain is automatically adjusted to maintain a constant level of overall visible clutter.
Automatic gain control of transmit power in radio frequency circuits; Scaling a large dynamic range sensor (e.g. from a photodiode [2]) into a linear voltage scale for an analog-to-digital converter with limited resolution [1] A log amplifier's elements can be rearranged to produce exponential output, the logarithm's inverse function.
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The rarely used EF83 is a remote-cutoff pentode [4] otherwise similar to the EF86; the remote cutoff (variable mu) makes it suitable for applications such as automatic gain control (AGC) in tape recorders.