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The Hill equation reflects the occupancy of macromolecules: the fraction that is saturated or bound by the ligand. [1] [2] [nb 1] This equation is formally equivalent to the Langmuir isotherm. [3] Conversely, the Hill equation proper reflects the cellular or tissue response to the ligand: the physiological output of the system, such as muscle ...
In this paper, Hill's first publication, he derived both the equilibrium form of the Langmuir equation, and also the exponential approach to equilibrium. The paper, written under the supervision of John Newport Langley , is a landmark in the history of receptor theory, because the context for the derivation was the binding of nicotine and ...
George William Hill (March 3, 1838 – April 16, 1914) was an American astronomer and mathematician. Working independently and largely in isolation from the wider scientific community, he made major contributions to celestial mechanics and to the theory of ordinary differential equations .
Hill's equation is an important example in the understanding of periodic differential equations. Depending on the exact shape of (), solutions may stay bounded for all time, or the amplitude of the oscillations in solutions may grow exponentially. [3] The precise form of the solutions to Hill's equation is described by Floquet theory. Solutions ...
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The Hill equation can be used to describe dose–response relationships, for example ion channel-open-probability vs. ligand concentration. [9] Dose is usually in milligrams, micrograms, or grams per kilogram of body-weight for oral exposures or milligrams per cubic meter of ambient air for inhalation exposures. Other dose units include moles ...
L'Origine du monde ("The Origin of the World") is a picture painted in oil on canvas by the French painter Gustave Courbet in 1866. It is a close-up view of the vulva and abdomen of a naked woman, lying on a bed with legs spread.
Hill's finding was that the origin of oxygen in photosynthesis is water (H 2 O) not carbon dioxide (CO 2) as previously believed. Hill's observation of chloroplasts in dark conditions and in the absence of CO 2, showed that the artificial electron acceptor was oxidized but not reduced, terminating the process, but without production of oxygen ...