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Monero (/ m ə ˈ n ɛr oʊ /; Abbreviation: XMR) is a cryptocurrency which uses a blockchain with privacy-enhancing technologies to obfuscate transactions to achieve anonymity and fungibility. Observers cannot decipher addresses trading Monero, transaction amounts, address balances, or transaction histories.
The conceptual framework of the UTXO model can be traced back to Hal Finney's Reusable Proofs of Work proposal, [4] which itself was based on Adam Back's 1997 Hashcash proposal. [5] Bitcoin, released in 2009, was the first widespread implementation of the UTXO model in practice. [1]
Business failures can often be traced to the absence of one or more of these disciplines, or to poor application of them. This views Financial cryptography as an appropriately cross-discipline subject. Indeed, inevitably so, given that finance and cryptography are each built upon multiple disciplines. [1]
CryptoNote is an application layer protocol designed for use with cryptocurrencies that aims to solve specific problems identified in Bitcoin. [1] [2]The protocol powers several decentralized privacy-oriented cryptocurrencies, including Monero, [3] Zano, [4] MobileCoin and Safex Cash.
As all the funds are lumped together and then distributed at random times, it is very difficult to trace exact coins. Tumblers have arisen to improve the anonymity of cryptocurrencies, usually bitcoin (hence bitcoin mixer ), since the digital currencies provide a public ledger of all transactions.
Also with the blockchain technology, goods can be tracked anytime, and the data is updated regularly ensuring real time management of shipments. The buyer and only the party given the shipping contract can view the real time data related to the shipment increasing the privacy of the process.
Solutions such as ZCash and Monero ― known as privacy coins [41] ― are examples of cryptocurrencies that provide unlinkable anonymity via proofs and/or obfuscation of information (ring signatures). [42] While not suitable for large-scale crimes, privacy coins like Monero are suitable for laundering money made through small-scale crimes. [43]
Cryptojacking is the act of exploiting a computer to mine cryptocurrencies, often through websites, [1] [2] [3] against the user's will or while the user is unaware. [4] One notable piece of software used for cryptojacking was Coinhive, which was used in over two-thirds of cryptojacks before its March 2019 shutdown. [5]