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In astronomy, the geocentric model (also known as geocentrism, often exemplified specifically by the Ptolemaic system) is a superseded description of the Universe with Earth at the center. Under most geocentric models, the Sun , Moon , stars , and planets all orbit Earth.
In the Hipparchian, Ptolemaic, and Copernican systems of astronomy, the epicycle (from Ancient Greek ἐπίκυκλος (epíkuklos) 'upon the circle', meaning "circle moving on another circle") [1] was a geometric model used to explain the variations in speed and direction of the apparent motion of the Moon, Sun, and planets.
Ptolemaic model of the spheres for Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn with epicycle, eccentric deferent and equant point. Georg von Peuerbach , Theoricae novae planetarum , 1474. In his Almagest , the astronomer Ptolemy (fl. c. 150 AD) developed geometrical predictive models of the motions of the stars and planets and extended them to a unified ...
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Between Hipparchus's model and Ptolemy's there was an intermediate model that was proposed to account for the motion of planets in general based on the observed motion of Mars. In this model, the deferent had a center that was also the equant, that could be moved along the deferent's line of symmetry in order to match to a planet's retrograde ...
Ptolemaic is the adjective formed from the name Ptolemy, ... Ptolemaic system, a geocentric model of the universe developed in detail by the astronomer Claudius ...
English: The Ptolemaic geocentric model of the Universe according to the Portuguese cosmographer and cartographer Bartolomeu Velho (Bibliothèque Nationale de France, Paris). Español : El modelo geocéntrico del universo de Ptolomeo , de acuerdo al cosmógrafo y cartógrafo portugués Bartolomeu Velho (Biblioteca Nacional de Francia, París).
ɪ k /; Koinē Greek: Πτολεμαϊκὴ βασιλεία, Ptolemaïkḕ basileía) [6] or Ptolemaic Empire [7] was an Ancient Greek polity based in Egypt during the Hellenistic period. [8] It was founded in 305 BC by the Macedonian Greek general Ptolemy I Soter , a companion of Alexander the Great , and ruled by the Ptolemaic dynasty until ...