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The least bittern (Botaurus exilis) is a small heron, the smallest member of the family Ardeidae found in the Americas. This species was formerly placed in the genus Ixobrychus . Taxonomy
Botaurus exilis (formerly placed in Ixobrychus) Least bittern: southern Canada to northern Argentina Botaurus flavicollis (formerly placed in Ixobrychus) Black bittern: tropical Asia from Pakistan, India, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka east to China, Indonesia, and Australia Botaurus cinnamomeus (formerly placed in Ixobrychus) Cinnamon bittern
The little bittern was formerly placed in the genus Ixobrychus. A molecular phylogenetic study of the heron family Ardeidae published in 2023 found that Ixobrychus was paraphyletic and to create monophyletic genera, Ixobrychus was merged into the genus Botaurus that had been introduced in 1819 by the English naturalist James Francis Stephens ...
The least bittern (Ixobrychus exilis) and the stripe-backed bittern (Ixobrychus involucris) were nested with members of the genus Botaurus. Hruska and collaborators resurrected the genus Calherodius Peters, 1931 to contain two night herons (the white-backed night heron and the white-eared night heron) that were previously placed in Gorsachius.
Little bittern, Ixobrychus minutus (A) Least bittern, Ixobrychus exilis (A) Great blue heron, Ardea herodias (A) Gray heron, Ardea cinerea; Purple heron, Ardea purpurea (A) Great egret, Egretta alba (A) Little egret, Egretta garzetta (A) Western reef-heron, Egretta gularis (A) Snowy egret, Egretta thula (A) Little blue heron, Egretta caerulea (A)
Least bittern, Ixobrychus exilis (R) Great blue heron, Ardea herodias; Great egret, Ardea alba (Unc) Snowy egret, Egretta thula (Unc) Little blue heron, Egretta caerulea (R) Tricolored heron, Egretta tricolor (R) Reddish egret, Egretta rufescens (O) Cattle egret, Bubulcus ibis; Green heron, Butorides virescens; Black-crowned night-heron ...
Least bittern, Ixobrychus exilis (A) Great blue heron, Ardea herodias (A) Great egret, Ardea alba; Little egret, Egretta garzetta (A) Snowy egret, Egretta thula (A) Little blue heron, Egretta caerulea; Tricolored heron, Egretta tricolor (A) Reddish egret, Egretta rufescens (A) Cattle egret, Bubulcus ibis; Green heron, Butorides virescens
Least bittern, Ixobrychus exilis (V) Stripe-backed bittern, Ixobrychus involucris; Black-crowned night-heron, Nycticorax nycticorax; Yellow-crowned night-heron, Nyctanassa violacea (V) Striated heron, Butorides striata (V) Cattle egret, Bubulcus ibis; Cocoi heron, Ardea cocoi; Great egret, Ardea alba; Whistling heron, Syrigma sibilatrix (V)