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  2. History of the petroleum industry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_petroleum...

    Oil field in California, 1938. The modern history of petroleum began in the nineteenth century with the refining of paraffin from crude oil. The Scottish chemist James Young in 1847 noticed a natural petroleum seepage in the Riddings colliery at Alfreton, Derbyshire from which he distilled a light thin oil suitable for use as lamp oil, at the same time obtaining a thicker oil suitable for ...

  3. World energy supply and consumption - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_energy_supply_and...

    The raw energy resources include for example coal, unprocessed oil & gas, uranium. In comparison, the refined forms of energy include for example refined oil that becomes fuel and electricity. Energy resources may be used in various different ways, depending on the specific resource (e.g. coal), and intended end use (industrial, residential, etc.).

  4. Petroleum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum

    Each crude oil has unique molecular characteristics which are revealed by the use of crude oil assay analysis in petroleum laboratories. [83] Barrels from an area in which the crude oil's molecular characteristics have been determined and the oil has been classified are used as pricing references throughout the world.

  5. List of countries by oil production - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_oil...

    Approximately 72% of world oil production came from the top ten countries, and an overlapping 35% came from the twelve OPEC members. Members of OPEC+ , which includes OPEC members produce about 60% of the world's petroleum. supply and demand In addition to being top 5 in oil production, the United States and Russia are also top 5 in oil exports ...

  6. Petroleum industry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum_industry

    Its importance to the world economy however, evolved slowly, with whale oil being used for lighting in the 19th century and wood and coal used for heating and cooking well into the 20th century. Even though the Industrial Revolution generated an increasing need for energy, this was initially met mainly by coal, and from other sources including ...

  7. List of countries by oil consumption - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_oil...

    Daily oil consumption by region from 1980 to 2006. This is a list of countries by oil consumption. [1] [2] In 2022, the International Energy Agency (IEA) announced that the total worldwide oil consumption would rise by 2% [3] year over year compared to 2021 despite the COVID-19 pandemic. [citation needed]

  8. Coal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal

    Most coal is used as fuel. 27.6% of world energy was supplied by coal in 2017 and Asia used almost three-quarters of it. [79] Other large-scale applications also exist. The energy density of coal is roughly 24 megajoules per kilogram [ 80 ] (approximately 6.7 kilowatt-hours per kg).

  9. Oil refinery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_refinery

    An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where petroleum (crude oil) is transformed and refined into products such as gasoline (petrol), diesel fuel, asphalt base, fuel oils, heating oil, kerosene, liquefied petroleum gas and petroleum naphtha.