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  2. Mining and metallurgy in medieval Europe - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mining_and_metallurgy_in...

    Metallurgists throughout medieval Europe were generally free to move within different regions. For instance, German metallurgists in search of rich precious metal ores took the lead in mining and influenced the course of metal production, not only in East and South Germany but also in almost all of Central Europe and the Eastern Alps.

  3. Ore Mountain Mining Region - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ore_Mountain_Mining_Region

    During that time, several different metals were extracted from the region. Silver was the first metal mined in the region (particularly around Freiberg), and the region was a world-leading producer of silver ore during the 14th through 16th centuries. [3] [2] On the Bohemian side of the mountains, Krupka grew into a prominent mining town ...

  4. Bavarian Iron Route - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bavarian_Iron_Route

    This project was recognised by the Council of Europe as the cultural route for the iron industry in Europe. The Bavarian Iron Route runs southwards along old transport routes from the Upper Franconian town of Pegnitz through the Upper Palatinate to Regensburg and links the former iron centres of East Bavaria, the mining regions of Pegnitz ...

  5. Roman metallurgy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_metallurgy

    While technology did advance to the point of creating surprisingly pure copper, most ancient metals are in fact alloys, the most important being bronze, an alloy of copper and tin. As metallurgical technology developed ( hammering , melting , smelting , roasting , cupellation , moulding , smithing , etc.), more metals were intentionally ...

  6. Chalcolithic Europe - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chalcolithic_Europe

    The economy of the Chalcolithic, even in the regions where copper was not yet used, was no longer that of peasant communities and tribes: some materials began to be produced in specific locations and distributed to wide regions. Mining of metal and stone was particularly developed in some areas, along with the processing of those materials into ...

  7. Mineral industry of Europe - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral_industry_of_Europe

    Of all the global market mining of ore, eastern Europe was the smallest region accounting around just 1% of the market, the use of robots in the metal ore mining industry is improving the efficiency and productivity of mines and reduces operational costs. [33] The EU metallic mining sector produces a wide range of ores yielding metal substances ...

  8. Iron Age Europe - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Age_Europe

    In Europe, the Iron Age is the last stage of the prehistoric period and the first of the protohistoric periods, [1] which initially meant descriptions of a particular area by Greek and Roman writers. For much of Europe, the period came to an abrupt end after conquest by the Romans, though ironworking remained the dominant technology until ...

  9. History of mining in Sardinia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_mining_in_Sardinia

    The mining region of Sulcis. In 238 BC, the era of Roman domination began in Sardinia. Carthage was forced to formally cede the island to Rome following defeat in the First Punic War and the upheaval of the mercenaries who were stationed on the island. In 226 BC, Sardinia was granted the status of a Roman province.