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  2. Chemosynthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemosynthesis

    In biochemistry, chemosynthesis is the biological conversion of one or more carbon-containing molecules (usually carbon dioxide or methane) and nutrients into organic matter using the oxidation of inorganic compounds (e.g., hydrogen gas, hydrogen sulfide) or ferrous ions as a source of energy, rather than sunlight, as in photosynthesis.

  3. Biological carbon fixation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_carbon_fixation

    Cyanobacteria such as these carry out photosynthesis. Their emergence foreshadowed the evolution of many photosynthetic plants and oxygenated Earth's atmosphere. Biological carbon fixation, or сarbon assimilation, is the process by which living organisms convert inorganic carbon (particularly carbon dioxide, CO 2) to organic compounds.

  4. Photosynthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthesis

    Carbon dioxide is converted into sugars in a process called carbon fixation; photosynthesis captures energy from sunlight to convert carbon dioxide into carbohydrates. Carbon fixation is an endothermic redox reaction.

  5. Methanogenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methanogenesis

    Atmospheric methane is an important greenhouse gas with a global warming potential 25 times greater than carbon dioxide (averaged over 100 years), [24] and methanogenesis in livestock and the decay of organic material is thus a considerable contributor to global warming. It may not be a net contributor in the sense that it works on organic ...

  6. Atmospheric carbon cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_carbon_cycle

    Carbon dioxide equilibrates between the atmosphere and the ocean's surface layers. As autotrophs add or subtract carbon dioxide from the water through photosynthesis or respiration, they modify this balance, allowing the water to absorb more carbon dioxide or causing it to emit carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. [2]

  7. Methanation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methanation

    Methanation is the conversion of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide (CO x) to methane (CH 4) through hydrogenation. The methanation reactions of CO x were first discovered by Sabatier and Senderens in 1902. [1] CO x methanation has many practical applications.

  8. CO2 fertilization effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CO2_fertilization_effect

    Through photosynthesis, plants use CO 2 from the atmosphere, water from the ground, and energy from the sun to create sugars used for growth and fuel. [22] While using these sugars as fuel releases carbon back into the atmosphere (photorespiration), growth stores carbon in the physical structures of the plant (i.e. leaves, wood, or non-woody stems). [23]

  9. Terrestrial biological carbon cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrestrial_biological...

    When oxygen is present, aerobic respiration occurs, producing carbon dioxide. If oxygen is not present, e.g. as is the case in marshes or in animals' digestive tracts, anaerobic respiration can occur, which produces methane. About half of the gross primary production is respired by plants directly back into the atmosphere.