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Before World War I the beet sugar industry used 100,000 to 150,000 tons of strontium hydroxide for this process per year. [42] The strontium hydroxide was recycled in the process, but the demand to substitute losses during production was high enough to create a significant demand initiating mining of strontianite in the Münsterland.
About 8% by weight of cathode-ray tubes is strontium oxide, which has been the major use of strontium since 1970. [3] [4] Color televisions and other devices containing color cathode-ray tubes sold in the United States are required by law to use strontium in the faceplate to block X-ray emission (these X-ray emitting TVs are no longer in production).
Naturally occurring strontium is nonradioactive and nontoxic at levels normally found in the environment, but 90 Sr is a radiation hazard. [4] 90 Sr undergoes β − decay with a half-life of 28.79 years and a decay energy of 0.546 MeV distributed to an electron, an antineutrino, and the yttrium isotope 90 Y, which in turn undergoes β − decay with a half-life of 64 hours and a decay energy ...
The ratio 87 Sr/ 86 Sr is the parameter typically reported in geologic investigations; [4] ratios in minerals and rocks have values ranging from about 0.7 to greater than 4.0 (see rubidium–strontium dating). Because strontium has an electron configuration similar to that of calcium, it readily substitutes for calcium in minerals.
Strontium belongs to the same periodic family as calcium (alkaline earth metals), and is metabolised in a similar fashion, preferentially targeting metabolically active regions of the bone. 89 Sr is an artificial radioisotope used in the treatment of osseous (bony) metastases of bone cancer .
Strontium and barium have fewer applications than the lighter alkaline earth metals. Strontium carbonate is used in the manufacturing of red fireworks. [75] Pure strontium is used in the study of neurotransmitter release in neurons. [76] [77] Radioactive strontium-90 finds some use in RTGs, [78] [79] which utilize its decay heat.
Distrontium ruthenate, also known as strontium ruthenate, is an oxide of strontium and ruthenium with the chemical formula Sr 2 RuO 4. It was the first reported perovskite superconductor that did not contain copper .
Lanthanum strontium manganite (LSM or LSMO) is an oxide ceramic material with the general formula La 1−x Sr x MnO 3, where x describes the doping level. It has a perovskite -based crystal structure, which has the general form ABO 3 .