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In physical geography, a fjord (also spelled fiord in New Zealand English; / ˈ f j ɔːr d, f iː ˈ ɔːr d / ⓘ [1]) is a long, narrow sea inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created by a glacier. [2] Fjords exist on the coasts of Antarctica, the Arctic, and surrounding landmasses of the northern and southern hemispheres. [3]
The Hudson River fjord in New York is recognized as the only true Fjord in the eastern coast of the United States [1] [2] Somes Sound, a fjard located within Acadia National Park, is often mistaken for being another fjord located along the eastern coast of the United States. [3] [4]
Although fjards and fjords are similar in that they are a glacially-formed topography, they still differ in some key ways: Fjords are characterized by steep high relief cliffs carved by glacial activity and often have split or branching channels. Fjards are glacial depressions or valleys that have much lower reliefs than fjords.
J.P. Koch Fjord is a fjord in Peary Land, northern Greenland. To the west, the fjord opens into the Lincoln Sea of the Arctic Ocean . It is named after Danish captain and explorer of the Arctic Johan Peter Koch (1870 – 1928),
The Oslofjord has Norway's highest all year temperature: 7.5 °C (45.5 °F). February is the coldest month in the fjord with −1.3 °C (29.7 °F), while July normally reaches 17.2 °C (63.0 °F). The islands in the middle of the fjord are among Norway's warmest with high summer temperatures and moderate winters.
It is one of the largest and longest fjord systems in the world. [3] [4] [5] On the northern side of the mouth of the Scoresby Sound stands Ittoqqortoormiit, the only permanent settlement in the region, with a population of 469 (in 2010). The name of the sound honours English explorer William Scoresby, who in 1822 mapped the fjord area in ...
The Hardangerfjord (English: Hardanger Fjord) [1] [2] [3] is the fifth longest fjord in the world, and the second longest fjord in Norway. [4] It is located in Vestland county in the Hardanger region. The fjord stretches 179 kilometres (111 mi) from the Atlantic Ocean into the mountainous interior of Norway along the Hardangervidda plateau.
Jørgen Brønlund Fjord is a small fjord branching northwest from the northern shore of Independence Fjord, at the western limit of Melville Land. Astrup Fjord and Hagen Fjord have their mouths on the southern coast of the fjord. [2] The latter is a larger fjord, with the Hagen Glacier at its head, branching closer to its mouth.