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The XYZ Affair was a political and diplomatic episode in 1797 and 1798, ... Talleyrand, who had recently spent a few years in the United States, was openly concerned ...
He was behind the demand for bribes in the XYZ Affair which escalated into the Quasi-War, an undeclared naval war with the United States, 1798–1800. Talleyrand saw a possible political career for Napoleon during the Italian campaigns of 1796 to 1797.
These included a large loan to France, which the commissioners had been instructed to refuse, and substantial bribes for Talleyrand and members of the Directory, which the commissioners found offensive. These exchanges became the basis for what became known as the "XYZ Affair" when documents concerning them were published in 1798.
A political cartoon depicts the XYZ Affair – America is a woman being plundered by Frenchmen. (1798) In an April 1798 speech to Congress, Adams publicly revealed Talleyrand's machinations, sparking public outrage at the French. [119] Democratic-Republicans were skeptical of the administration's account of what became known as the "XYZ affair."
Instead, the U.S. suspended repayment of loans made by France during the Revolutionary War; efforts to resolve this through diplomacy ended in the 1797 dispute known as the XYZ Affair, which worsened the situation. [3] Portrait of Talleyrand by François Gérard. The French Foreign Minister Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord
In the late 18th century, Hottinguer was one of the French agents involved in the XYZ Affair, a much-publicized diplomatic scandal between France and the United States. In the beginning 19th century, a family friend and associate, Henri Escher, established the first Hottinger representative office in America.
The XYZ Affair was a political and diplomatic scandal which led to the Quasi-War of 1798 between the French and the US. Jean-Conrad Hottinger (known as X), engaged as a French diplomat by the French foreign minister, Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand , led negotiations with an American diplomatic commission who sought to negotiate terms with the ...
A public outcry ensued when the Adams administration revealed that Talleyrand's agents had demanded bribes; the incident became known as the XYZ Affair. [38] In July 1798, shortly after Marshall's return, Congress imposed an embargo in France, marking the start of an undeclared naval war known as the Quasi-War . [ 39 ]