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Slough has three pronunciations, depending on its meaning: / s l ʌ f / (for the noun meaning a skin shed by an animal, and for the verb derived from it) / s l aʊ / (for the noun meaning a muddy area, and for the verb derived from it.
This is a list of English words inherited and derived directly from the Old English stage of the language. This list also includes neologisms formed from Old English roots and/or particles in later forms of English, and words borrowed into other languages (e.g. French, Anglo-French, etc.) then borrowed back into English (e.g. bateau, chiffon, gourmet, nordic, etc.).
augh can represent ... tsch represents , which is a relatively common phoneme in German, appearing in words like deutsch ("German"), Deutschland ("Germany"), ...
Some words contain silent letters, which do not represent any sound in modern English pronunciation. Examples include the l in talk, half, calf, etc., the w in two and sword, gh as mentioned above in numerous words such as though, daughter, night, brought, and the commonly encountered silent e (discussed further below).
Kept for contrast in a few words, but mostly respelled or (oar) oar (our) four Usually /aʊ.ə/ /ɔː/ THOUGHT: au fraud: aw law, lawyer all call al- and implying totality always cf. algebra augh daughter ough(t) bought /ɜːr/ NURSE: er her: Double the r to change the vowel: herring , stirrup , hurry . ir fir ur fur (or)
American English pronunciation of "no highway cowboys" /noʊ ˈhaɪweɪ ˈkaʊbɔɪz/, showing five diphthongs: / oʊ, aɪ, eɪ, aʊ, ɔɪ / A diphthong (/ ˈ d ɪ f θ ɒ ŋ, ˈ d ɪ p-/ DIF-thong, DIP-; [1] from Ancient Greek δίφθογγος (díphthongos) 'two sounds', from δίς (dís) 'twice' and φθόγγος (phthóngos) 'sound'), also known as a gliding vowel or a vowel glide, is ...
many words ending in ے; words: اور، ہے; to distinguish from Arabic: in many texts, Urdu is written stylistically with words ‘slanting’ downwards from top-right to bottom-left (unlike the ‘linear’ style of Arabic, Persian etc.).
Words ending in unstressed -ile derived from Latin adjectives ending -ilis are mostly pronounced with a full vowel in BrE / aɪ l / but a reduced vowel or syllabic L in AmE / əl / (e.g. fertile rhymes with fur tile in BrE but with furtle in AmE). AmE will (unlike BrE, except when indicated with B2) have a reduced last vowel: