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Jared Diamond argues in Guns, Germs, and Steel that Africa has always been poor due to a number of ecological factors affecting historical development. These factors include low population density, the tsetse fly, malaria, lack of navigable rivers, and the north–south orientation of Africa's geography. [97]
Economic geography takes a variety of approaches to many different topics, including the location of industries, economies of agglomeration (also known as "linkages"), transportation, international trade, development, real estate, gentrification, ethnic economies, gendered economies, core-periphery theory, the economics of urban form, the ...
For purchasing power parity comparisons, the US dollar is exchanged at 4.35 Dalasi only. The Gambia's economy is characterized by traditional subsistence agriculture, a historic reliance on peanuts or groundnuts for export earnings, a re-export trade built up around its ocean port, low import duties, minimal administrative procedures, a fluctuating exchange rate with no exchange controls, and ...
In economics, the economics of location is the study of strategies used by firms and retails in a monopolistically competitive environment in determining where to locate. [1] Unlike a product differentiation strategy, where firms make their products different in order to attract customers, an economics of location strategy is consistent with ...
The main industries are food processing, construction, consumer goods, cement, fertilizer, ginning, furniture production and cigarette production. The government's attempts to diversify the agriculture sector and move up the global value chain have been seriously constrained by poor infrastructure, an inadequately trained work force and a weak ...
Location theory has become an integral part of economic geography, regional science, and spatial economics. Location theory addresses questions of what economic activities are located where and why. Location theory or microeconomic theory generally assumes that agents act in their own self-interest. Firms thus choose locations that maximize ...
Manufacturing in Ethiopia was, before 1957, dominated by cottage and handicraft industries which met most of the population's needs for manufactured goods such as clothes, ceramics, machine tools, and leather goods. Various factors – including the lack of basic infrastructure, the dearth of private and public investment, and the lack of any ...
Many manufacturing industries in Africa are water-dependent. [1] The share of jobs is lower than in agriculture, even though the industries cited are considered as water intensive. [1] In 2011, Ghana's economy grew at 14% with the onset of its first production of oil. [1] [6] However, in 2015 the growth rate was expected to be only 3.9%.