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Ultrafast laser spectroscopy is a category of spectroscopic techniques using ultrashort pulse lasers for the study of dynamics on extremely short time scales (attoseconds to nanoseconds). Different methods are used to examine the dynamics of charge carriers, atoms, and molecules.
Ultrafast X-ray diffraction (time-resolved X-ray diffraction) can surpass ultrashortpulse visible techniques, which are limited to detecting structures on the level of valence and free electrons. Ultrashort pulse X-ray techniques are able to resolve atomic scales , where dynamic structural changes and reactions occur in the interior of a material.
In physics and physical chemistry, time-resolved spectroscopy is the study of dynamic processes in materials or chemical compounds by means of spectroscopic techniques.Most often, processes are studied after the illumination of a material occurs, but in principle, the technique can be applied to any process that leads to a change in properties of a material.
In optics, an ultrashort pulse, also known as an ultrafast event, is an electromagnetic pulse whose time duration is of the order of a picosecond (10 −12 second) or less. Such pulses have a broadband optical spectrum , and can be created by mode-locked oscillators.
Frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG) is a general method for measuring the spectral phase of ultrashort laser pulses, which range from subfemtosecond to about a nanosecond in length. Invented in 1991 by Rick Trebino and Daniel J. Kane, FROG was the first technique to solve this problem, which is difficult because, ordinarily, to measure an ...
The International Max Planck Research School for Ultrafast Imaging and Structural Dynamics (IMPRS-UFAST) is a graduate school of the Max Planck Society.It is a joint venture of the Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter (MPSD), the University of Hamburg, the Center for Free Electron Laser Science, the Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), and the European XFEL GmbH.
Robert Alfano is an Italian-American experimental physicist. He is a Distinguished Professor of Science and Engineering at the City College and the Graduate School of the City University of New York, where he is also the founding director of the Institute for Ultrafast Spectroscopy and Lasers (1982).
Ursula Keller (born 21 June 1959) is a Swiss physicist. She has been a tenured physics professor at the ETH Zurich, Switzerland since 1993. [1] A pioneer in ultrafast science and technology, [2] she is known for inventing the semiconductor saturable absorber mirror (SESAM), enabling passive mode-locking of lasers and revolutionizing ultrafast laser applications in science and industry. [3]