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  2. Commerce Clause - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commerce_Clause

    [The Gun-Free School Zones Act] is a criminal statute that by its terms has nothing to do with "commerce" or any sort of economic enterprise, however broadly one might define those terms. [The act] is not an essential part of a larger regulation of economic activity, in which the regulatory scheme could be undercut unless the intrastate ...

  3. Constitutional law of the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitutional_law_of_the...

    In 1995, the Court held that the Crime Control Act of 1990, which the Gun-Free School Zones Act was a part of, was unconstitutional because it was an "impermissible extension of congressional power under the Commerce Clause." [34] Lopez remains the central case regarding the authority of Congress under the commerce power. [35]

  4. Enumerated powers (United States) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enumerated_powers_(United...

    Lopez [7] in 1995 held unconstitutional the Gun Free School Zone Act because it exceeded the power of Congress to "regulate commerce...among the several states". Chief Justice William Rehnquist wrote, "We start with first principles. The Constitution creates a Federal Government of enumerated powers." For the first time in sixty years the Court ...

  5. Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenth_Amendment_to_the...

    Lopez (1995), [29] a federal law mandating a "gun-free zone" on and around public school campuses was struck down. The Supreme Court ruled that there was no clause in the Constitution authorizing the federal law. This was the first modern Supreme Court opinion to limit the government's power under the Commerce Clause.

  6. Federal jurisdiction (United States) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_jurisdiction...

    One aspect of federal jurisdiction is the extent of legislative power. Under the Constitution, Congress has power to legislate only in the areas that are delegated to it. . Under clause 17 Article I Section 8 of the Constitution however, Congress has power to "exercise exclusive Legislation in all cases whatsoever" over the federal district (Washington, D.C.) and other territory ceded to the ...

  7. A family confronts a 'Constitution-free zone' in their fight ...

    www.aol.com/news/family-confronts-constitution...

    One law enabled citizens to sue state and local government officials in federal court. But it didn’t let citizens sue federal officials. It was a 1971 Supreme Court decision — Bivens v.

  8. Powers of the United States Congress - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powers_of_the_United...

    To exercise exclusive legislation in all cases whatsoever, over such District (not exceeding ten miles (16 km) square) as may, by cession of particular states, and the acceptance of Congress, become the seat of the government of the United States, and to exercise like authority over all places purchased by the consent of the legislature of the ...

  9. Exclusive federal powers - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exclusive_federal_powers

    The Constitution grants Congress power of "exclusive legislation" over the area now known as the District of Columbia. The Constitution says: "no state shall, without the consent of Congress, lay any imposts or duties on imports or exports, except for the purpose of executing its inspection laws."