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The ideas of Aristotle and Plato, shown in Raphael's The School of Athens, were partly lost to Western Europeans for centuries.. The transmission of the Greek Classics to Latin Western Europe during the Middle Ages was a key factor in the development of intellectual life in Western Europe. [1]
It raises philosophical questions about narrative, empathy, and ethics through fictional characters. Philosophers like Plato critiqued literature's ethical influence, while modern thinkers explore language's role in bridging minds and the truth in fiction, differentiating between the reality of characters and their narratives.
The modern scholarly views on the relationship between Plato's and Aristotle's philosophies are varied and complex. [ 19 ] In contrast with the disagreements between all the pagan philosophers, Pseudo-Justin commends the Christian teachers, who, he says, did not "contradict or argue with one another.
The debate over the extent to which Plato's portrayal of Socrates represents the actual Socrates's ideas is known as the Socratic problem. [62] [63] The Death of Socrates, by Jacques-Louis David (1787) Plato expressed his ideas through dialogues, that is, written works purporting to describe conversations between different individuals.
The book contrasts the philosophical approaches of Plato and Aristotle directly, then examines changes in political, religious, and philosophical views in western societies from the days of ancient Greece to the present in the context of their relationship to Platonic or Aristotelian viewpoints.
Plato Roman copy of a portrait bust c. 370 BC Born 428/427 or 424/423 BC Athens Died 348 BC (aged c. 75–80) Athens Notable work Euthyphro Apology Crito Phaedo Meno Protagoras Gorgias Symposium Phaedrus Parmenides Theaetetus Republic Timaeus Laws Era Ancient Greek philosophy School Platonic Academy Notable students Aristotle Main interests Epistemology, Metaphysics Political philosophy ...
Aristotle is often portrayed as disagreeing with his teacher Plato (e.g., in Raphael's School of Athens). He criticizes the regimes described in Plato's Republic and Laws, [62] and refers to the theory of forms as "empty words and poetic metaphors". [63] He is generally presented as giving greater weight to empirical observation and practical ...
Homer does not depict the relationship between Achilles and Patroclus as sexual. The ancient Athenians emphasised the supposed age difference between the two by portraying Patroclus with a beard in paintings and pottery, while Achilles is clean-shaven, although Achilles was an almost godlike figure in Greek society.