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At low metallicity, all stars will reach core collapse with a hydrogen envelope but sufficiently massive stars collapse directly to a black hole without producing a visible supernova. [ 104 ] Stars with an initial mass up to about 90 times the Sun, or a little less at high metallicity, result in a type II-P supernova, which is the most commonly ...
Not all stars explode fantastically, in dramatic events called supernovae, at the end of their stellar lives. But stars around eight times the mass of the sun or larger do after exhausting their fuel.
Supernova impostor, stellar explosions that appear similar to supernova, but do not destroy their progenitor stars Failed supernova; Luminous red nova, an explosion thought to be caused by stellar collision; Solar flares are a minor type of stellar explosion [1] Tidal disruption event, the pulling apart of a star by tidal forces
Once a star like the Sun has exhausted its nuclear fuel, its core collapses into a dense white dwarf and the outer layers are expelled as a planetary nebula. Stars with around ten or more times the mass of the Sun can explode in a supernova as their inert iron cores collapse into an extremely dense neutron star or black hole.
Read more:A star is about to explode. Here's how to watch it. The star is so far away that it takes 3,000 years for its light to reach the Earth, meaning the explosion occurred before the last of ...
In stars of less than eight solar masses, the carbon produced by helium fusion does not fuse, and the star gradually cools to become a white dwarf. [4] [5] If they accumulate more mass from another star, or some other source, they may become Type Ia supernovae. But a much larger star is massive enough to continue fusion beyond this point.
Silicon burning begins when gravitational contraction raises the star's core temperature to 2.7–3.5 billion kelvins . The exact temperature depends on mass. When a star has completed the silicon-burning phase, no further fusion is possible. The star catastrophically collapses and may explode in what is known as a Type II supernova.
The closest analogs within the Milky Way galaxy of the stars producing long gamma-ray bursts are likely the Wolf–Rayet stars, extremely hot and massive stars, which have shed most or all of their hydrogen envelope. Eta Carinae, Apep, and WR 104 have been cited as possible future gamma-ray burst progenitors. [121]