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  2. File:Crystallized sugar, multiple crystals and a single ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Crystallized_sugar...

    The multiple crystals on the right were grown from a sugar cube, while the one on the left was grown from a single seed taken from the one on the right. Red dye was added to the sugar solution before growing the large crystal, but was insoluble with the sugar in its solid state, and all but small traces of the dye was forced to precipitate out ...

  3. Crystal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal

    Crystallized sugar. Crystals on the right were grown from a sugar cube, while the left from a single seed crystal taken from the right. Red dye was added to the solution when growing the larger crystal, but, insoluble with the solid sugar, all but small traces were forced to precipitate out as it grew.

  4. Conoscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conoscopy

    the third lens together with the second images the directions image on a 2-dimensional optical sensor (e.g., electronic camera). This simple arrangement is the basis for all conoscopic devices (conoscopes). It is not straight forward however to design and manufacture lens systems that combine the following features:

  5. Phase-contrast imaging - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase-contrast_imaging

    In X-ray tomography, the same physical principles can be used to increase image contrast by highlighting small details of differing refractive index within structures that are otherwise uniform. In transmission electron microscopy (TEM), phase contrast enables very high resolution (HR) imaging, making it possible to distinguish features a few ...

  6. Electron crystallography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_crystallography

    Because of the complexity of X-ray lenses, it is difficult to form an image of the crystal being diffracted, and hence phase information is lost. Fortunately, electron microscopes can resolve atomic structure in real space and the crystallographic structure factor phase information can be experimentally determined from an image's Fourier transform.

  7. Microscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microscopy

    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632–1723). The field of microscopy (optical microscopy) dates back to at least the 17th-century.Earlier microscopes, single lens magnifying glasses with limited magnification, date at least as far back as the wide spread use of lenses in eyeglasses in the 13th century [2] but more advanced compound microscopes first appeared in Europe around 1620 [3] [4] The ...

  8. 10 Types of Sugar, Explained (Because There’s More ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/10-types-sugar-explained-because...

    Cappi Thompson/Getty Images. Best For: baked goods and sauces or marinades for savory dishes Brown sugar starts off much the same as white sugar (i.e., it comes from the cane) but instead of being ...

  9. Microscope image processing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microscope_image_processing

    Microscope image processing is a broad term that covers the use of digital image processing techniques to process, analyze and present images obtained from a microscope. Such processing is now commonplace in a number of diverse fields such as medicine, biological research, cancer research, drug testing, metallurgy, etc. A number of ...