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Galea. (helmet) Modern reconstruction of a centurion's helmet, first century. The embossed eyebrows and the circular brass bosses are typical of the Imperial Gallic helmets. A galea ( [ˈɡaɫea], from Greek γαλέη, galéē, " weasel, marten ") [ 1] was a Roman soldier's helmet. Some gladiators, specifically myrmillones, also wore bronze ...
Roman ensigns, standards, trumpets etc. Roman military personal equipment was produced in large numbers to established patterns, and used in an established manner. These standard patterns and uses were called the res militaris or disciplina. Its regular practice during the Roman Republic and Roman Empire led to military excellence and victory.
Roman ridge helmet (Berkasovo I), early 4th century AD. Made of iron and sheathed in silver-gilt, it is decorated with glass gems. From the " Berkasovo treasure", Museum of Vojvodina, Novi Sad ( Serbia ). The Late Roman ridge helmet was a type of combat helmet of Late Antiquity used by soldiers of the Late Roman army.
The centurions, who made up the officer ranks, had decorations on their chest plates corresponding to modern medals, and the long cudgels that they carried. Examples of items of Roman military personal armour included: Galea or soldier's helmet. Variant forms included the Coolus helmet, Montefortino helmet, and Imperial helmet.
Emesa helmet. The Emesa helmet (also known as the Homs helmet) is a Roman cavalry helmet from the early first century AD. It consists of an iron head piece and face mask, the latter of which is covered in a sheet of silver and presents the individualised portrait of a face, likely its owner. Decorations, some of which are gilded, adorn the head ...
Late Roman army. The West Roman army disintegrated AD 425–470, whilst the East Roman army continued until the Muslim conquests, after which the theme system was created. The Tetrarchs, a porphyry statue on Venice 's Basilica di San Marco, shows the emperor Diocletian and his three imperial colleagues. To the left, Diocletian and Maximianus ...
Maniple ( Latin: manipulus; lit. 'a handful [of soldiers]') was a tactical unit of the Roman Republican armies, adopted during the Samnite Wars (343–290 BC). It was also the name of the military insignia carried by such units. Maniple members, called commanipulares ( sg.: commanipularis) were seen as each other's brothers-in-arms, but without ...
1977 reconstruction of the Tropaeum Traiani Metope XVII: Roman equipped with a helmet with broad neckguard, brow guard, cheekpiece and bowl reinforced; short-sleeved scale shirt with double rows of pteryges and a manica on his right arm, encased in scale armour; curved rectangular shield with raised border, gamma corner symbols and a central boss.