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Ozone depletion is not a primary cause of climate change, however there exists a physical science connection between the two phenomena. The Earth's atmospheric ozone has two major effects on the Earth's temperature balance. Firstly, it absorbs solar ultraviolet radiation, leading to the heating of the stratosphere.
Ozone depletion consists of two related events observed since the late 1970s: a steady lowering of about four percent in the total amount of ozone in Earth's atmosphere, and a much larger springtime decrease in stratospheric ozone (the ozone layer) around Earth's polar regions. [ 1] The latter phenomenon is referred to as the ozone hole.
The Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances that are responsible for ozone depletion. It was agreed on 16 September 1987, and entered into force on 1 January 1989.
exert a considerable impact on global warming, because it is a key air pollutant and greenhouse gas, and; impact the production of surface level ozone (contributing again to climate change). As a result, photochemical smog pollution at the earth's surface, as well as stratospheric ozone depletion, have received a lot of attention in recent years.
Climate change. Changes in surface air temperature over the past 50 years. [ 1] The Arctic has warmed the most, and temperatures on land have generally increased more than sea surface temperatures. Earth's average surface air temperature has increased almost 1.5 °C (about 2.5 °F) since the Industrial Revolution.
Both types of ozone depletion were observed to increase as emissions of halocarbons increased. Ozone depletion and the ozone hole have generated worldwide concern over increased cancer risks and other negative effects. The ozone layer prevents harmful wavelengths of ultraviolet (UVB) light from passing through the Earth's atmosphere.
Sir Robert Watson played an important role in coordinating predecessors of the scientific assessments. The Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion is a sequence of reports sponsored by WMO / UNEP. The most recent report is from 2018. The reports were set up to inform the Montreal Protocol and amendments about ozone depletion .
Air pollution, in the form of aerosols, affects the climate on a large scale. [ 46][ 47] Aerosols scatter and absorb solar radiation. From 1961 to 1990, a gradual reduction in the amount of sunlight reaching the Earth's surface was observed.