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t. e. The Weimar Republic, [ d] officially known as the German Reich, [ e] was a historical period of Germany from 9 November 1918 to 23 March 1933, during which it was a constitutional federal republic for the first time in history; hence it is also referred to, and unofficially proclaimed itself, as the German Republic.
The German state spent 170 billion Marks during the war. The money was raised by borrowing from banks and from public bond drives. Symbolic purchasing of nails which were driving into public wooden crosses spurred the aristocracy and middle class to buy bonds. These bonds became worthless with the 1923 hyperinflation.
The key factors leading to the revolution were the extreme burdens suffered by the German people during the war, the economic and psychological impacts of the Empire's defeat, and the social tensions between the general populace and the aristocratic and bourgeois elite. [1] [2] The revolution began in late October 1918 with a sailors' mutiny at ...
World War I[ j] or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting took place mainly in Europe and the Middle East, as well as in parts of Africa and the Asia-Pacific, and in Europe was characterised by ...
Home front during World War I. "Help the Red Cross". American poster by the U.S. Food Administration, circa 1917-1919. The home front during World War I covers the domestic, economic, social and political histories of countries involved in that conflict. It covers the mobilization of armed forces and war supplies, lives of others, but does not ...
During its 47 years of existence, the German Empire became an industrial, technological, and scientific power in Europe, and by 1913, Germany was the largest economy in continental Europe and the third-largest in the world. [ 28]
ISBN 0312423195. Watson, Alexander (2008). "Stabbed at the Front: After 1918 the Myth Was Created That the German Army Only Lost the War Because It Had Been 'Stabbed in the Back' by Defeatists and Revolutionaries on the Home Front. Reviews the Clear Evidence That in Reality It Simply Lost the Will to Go on Fighting".
t. e. The unification of Germany(German: Deutsche Einigung, pronounced[ˈdɔʏtʃəˈʔaɪnɪɡʊŋ]ⓘ) was a process of building the first nation-statefor Germanswith federal featuresbased on the concept of Lesser Germany(one without Habsburgs' multi-ethnic Austria or its German-speaking part).