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The major type of gastric gland is the oxyntic gland that is present in the fundus and the body of the stomach making up about 80 per cent of the stomach area. These glands are often referred to simply as the gastric glands. The oxyntic gland contains the parietal cells that produce hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor, and chief cells that ...
In the pyloric region the glands are known as pyloric glands, and in the rest of the stomach they are called gastric glands. [1] Several types of endocrine cells are found in the gastric glands. The pyloric glands contain gastrin-producing cells ; this hormone stimulates acid production from the parietal cells.
Additional cells present include parietal cells that secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor, chief cells that secrete pepsinogen (this is a precursor to pepsin- the highly acidic environment converts the pepsinogen to pepsin), and neuroendocrine cells that secrete serotonin. [22] [citation needed] Glands differ where the stomach meets ...
Microvilli are present on the epithelium of a villus and further increase the surface area over which absorption can take place. Numerous intestinal glands as pocket-like invaginations are present in the underlying tissue. In the large intestines, villi are absent and a flat surface with thousands of glands is observed.
Immunofluorescence staining pattern of gastric parietal antibodies on a stomach section Parietal cells are part of fundic gland polyps (here shown in high magnification). [9] Peptic ulcers can result from over-acidity in the stomach. Antacids can be used to enhance the natural tolerance of the gastric lining.
The gastric folds consist of two layers: Mucosal layer – This layer releases stomach acid. It is the innermost layer of the stomach. [5] It is affected by the hormone histamine, which signals it to release hydrochloric acid (HCl). Sub-mucosal layer – This layer consists of different vessels and nerves, ganglion neurons, and adipose tissue ...
A prime example of this is pepsin, which is secreted in the stomach by chief cells. Pepsin in its secreted form is inactive . However, once it reaches the gastric lumen it becomes activated into pepsin by the high H+ concentration, becoming an enzyme vital to digestion. The release of the enzymes is regulated by neural, hormonal, or paracrine ...
Gastric pits are indentations in the stomach which denote entrances to 3-5 tubular gastric glands. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] They are deeper in the pylorus than they are in the other parts of the stomach. The human stomach has several million of these pits which dot the surface of the lining epithelium .