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The coelom (or celom) [1] is the main body cavity in many animals [2] and is positioned inside the body to surround and contain the digestive tract and other organs. In some animals , it is lined with mesothelium .
Organs formed inside the coelom can freely move, grow, and develop independently of the body wall while fluid in the peritoneum cushions and protects them from shocks. Arthropods and most molluscs have a reduced (but still true) coelom, the hemocoel (of an open circulatory system) and the smaller gonocoel (a cavity that contains the gonads).
Enterocoelom (adjective forms: enterocoelic and enterocoelous) describes both the process by which some animal embryos develop and the origin of the cells involved. In enterocoely, a mesoderm (middle layer) is formed in a developing embryo, in which the coelom appears from pouches growing and separating from the digestive tract (also known as the embryonic gut, or archenteron). [1]
The deuterostomes are also known as enterocoelomates, because their coelom develops through pouching of the gut, enterocoely. Deuterostomia's sister clade is Protostomia , animals that develop mouth first and whose digestive tract development is more varied.
The other side poses that the urbilaterian had a coelom, meaning that the main acoelomate phyla (flatworms and gastrotrichs) have secondarily lost their body cavities. [ 10 ] [ 11 ] This is the Archicoelomata hypothesis first proposed by A. T. Masterman in 1899. [ 12 ]
Many animals with a wormlike cylindrical body have a hydrostatic skeleton with a flexible skin and a water-filled body cavity (coelom or pseudocoelom). They move by peristalsis, using opposed circular and longitudinal muscles, which act on the hydrostatic skeleton to change the body's shape.
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In the development of the human embryo, the intraembryonic coelom (or somatic coelom) is a portion of the conceptus forming in the mesoderm during the third week of development. [1] During the third week of development, the lateral plate mesoderm splits into a dorsal somatic mesoderm (somatopleure) and a ventral splanchnic mesoderm ...