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  2. Frobenius inner product - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frobenius_inner_product

    Hadamard product (matrices) Hilbert–Schmidt inner product; Kronecker product; Matrix analysis; Matrix multiplication; Matrix norm; Tensor product of Hilbert spaces – the Frobenius inner product is the special case where the vector spaces are finite-dimensional real or complex vector spaces with the usual Euclidean inner product

  3. Inner product space - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inner_product_space

    An inner product space is a vector ... Another example is the representation of semi ... matrix (a scalar), while the outer product is the product of an ...

  4. Gram matrix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gram_matrix

    The Gram matrix is symmetric in the case the inner product is real-valued; it is Hermitian in the general, complex case by definition of an inner product. The Gram matrix is positive semidefinite, and every positive semidefinite matrix is the Gramian matrix for some set of vectors. The fact that the Gramian matrix is positive-semidefinite can ...

  5. Dot product - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dot_product

    It is often called the inner product (or rarely the projection product) of Euclidean space, even though it is not the only inner product that can be defined on Euclidean space (see Inner product space for more). Algebraically, the dot product is the sum of the products of the corresponding entries of the two sequences of numbers.

  6. Trace (linear algebra) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trace_(linear_algebra)

    The Frobenius inner product may be extended to a hermitian inner product on the complex vector space of all complex matrices of a fixed size, by replacing B by its complex conjugate. The symmetry of the Frobenius inner product may be phrased more directly as follows: the matrices in the trace of a product can be switched without changing the ...

  7. Kronecker product - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kronecker_product

    In mathematics, the Kronecker product, sometimes denoted by ⊗, is an operation on two matrices of arbitrary size resulting in a block matrix.It is a specialization of the tensor product (which is denoted by the same symbol) from vectors to matrices and gives the matrix of the tensor product linear map with respect to a standard choice of basis.

  8. Hadamard product (matrices) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadamard_product_(matrices)

    The Hadamard product operates on identically shaped matrices and produces a third matrix of the same dimensions. In mathematics, the Hadamard product (also known as the element-wise product, entrywise product [1]: ch. 5 or Schur product [2]) is a binary operation that takes in two matrices of the same dimensions and returns a matrix of the multiplied corresponding elements.

  9. Character theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Character_theory

    Isomorphic representations have the same characters. Over a field of characteristic 0, two representations are isomorphic if and only if they have the same character. [1] If a representation is the direct sum of subrepresentations, then the corresponding character is the sum of the characters of those subrepresentations.