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Integral monotopic proteins are permanently attached to the cell membrane from one side. [5] Three-dimensional structures of the following integral monotopic proteins have been determined: prostaglandin H2 syntheses 1 and 2 (cyclooxygenases) lanosterol synthase and squalene-hopene cyclase; microsomal prostaglandin E synthase
Ion channels are integral membrane proteins, typically formed as assemblies of several individual proteins. Such "multi-subunit" assemblies usually involve a circular arrangement of identical or homologous proteins closely packed around a water-filled pore through the plane of the membrane or lipid bilayer.
Depiction of the transmembrane proteins that make up tight junctions: occludin, claudins, and JAM proteins. Occludin was the first integral membrane protein to be identified. It has a molecular weight of ~60kDa. It consists of four transmembrane domains and both the N-terminus and the C-terminus of the protein are intracellular.
Integral polytopic proteins are transmembrane proteins that span across the membrane more than once. These proteins may have different transmembrane topology. [4] [5] These proteins have one of two structural architectures: Helix bundle proteins, which are present in all types of biological membranes;
Transmembrane proteins (8 C, 197 P) Pages in category "Integral membrane proteins" The following 200 pages are in this category, out of approximately 241 total.
Diagram of Tight junction. Occludin is a transmembrane protein that regulates the permeability of epithelial and endothelial barriers. It was first identified in epithelial cells as a 65 kDa integral plasma-membrane protein localized at the tight junctions . [ 5 ]
Intramembrane proteases are integral membrane proteins that are polytopic transmembrane proteins with multiple transmembrane helices. [5] [17] Their active sites are located within the transmembrane helices and form an aqueous environment within the hydrophobic lipid bilayer.
Claudins are a family of proteins which, along with occludin, are the most important components of the tight junctions (zonulae occludentes). [1] [2] Tight junctions establish the paracellular barrier that controls the flow of molecules in the intercellular space between the cells of an epithelium.