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[73] [77] The Christian friar Sebastiao Manrique used the term 'Hindu' in a religious context in 1649. [78] In the 18th century, European merchants and colonists began to refer to the followers of Indian religions collectively as Hindus, in contrast to Mohamedans for groups such as Turks, Mughals and Arabs, who were adherents of Islam.
In the 18th century, a tremendous number of official academies and societies were founded in Europe, and by 1789 there were over 70 official scientific societies. In reference to this growth, Bernard de Fontenelle coined the term "the Age of Academies" to describe the 18th century.
Bronze and Iron Age religion in Europe as elsewhere ... and following the Age of Enlightenment of the 18th century, ... there were an estimated 1.4 million Hindu ...
18th-century Hindu religious leaders (19 P) P. 18th-century Hindu philosophers and theologians (5 P) Pages in category "18th-century Hindus" The following 2 pages are ...
Both the Indian and the European thinkers who developed the term "Hinduism" in the 19th century were influenced by these philosophers. [ 23 ] Within these so-called doxologies Advaita Vedanta was given the highest position, since it was regarded to be most inclusive system. [ 19 ]
[140] [note 19] Pennington, while concurring that the study of Hinduism as a world religion began in the colonial era, disagrees that Hinduism is a colonial European era invention. [141] He states that the shared theology, common ritual grammar and way of life of those who identify themselves as Hindus is traceable to ancient times. [141] [note 20]
1932: A neo-Hindu religious movement, the Brahma Kumaris or "Daughters of Brahma", started. Its origin can be traced to the group "Om Mandali", founded by Lekhraj Kripalani (1884–1969). 1939 – 1945: Millions of Jews were relocated and murdered by the Nazis during the Holocaust. 1947: Pakistan, the first nation-state in the name of Islam was ...
There were harmonious Hindu-Muslim relations in most Indian communities. [229] No populations were expelled based on their religion by either the Muslim or Hindu kings, nor were attempts made to annihilate a specific religion. [229] In the 16th century, the Mughal Empire was established. Under the Mughals, India experienced a period of relative ...