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A rhombus is an orthodiagonal quadrilateral with two pairs of parallel sides (that is, an orthodiagonal quadrilateral that is also a parallelogram). A square is a limiting case of both a kite and a rhombus. Orthodiagonal quadrilaterals that are also equidiagonal quadrilaterals are called midsquare quadrilaterals. [2]
A method analogous to piece-wise linear approximation but using only arithmetic instead of algebraic equations, uses the multiplication tables in reverse: the square root of a number between 1 and 100 is between 1 and 10, so if we know 25 is a perfect square (5 × 5), and 36 is a perfect square (6 × 6), then the square root of a number greater than or equal to 25 but less than 36, begins with ...
If Q is not a square matrix, then the conditions Q T Q = I and QQ T = I are not equivalent. The condition Q T Q = I says that the columns of Q are orthonormal. This can only happen if Q is an m × n matrix with n ≤ m (due to linear dependence). Similarly, QQ T = I says that the rows of Q are orthonormal, which requires n ≥ m.
The square root of a positive integer is the product of the roots of its prime factors, because the square root of a product is the product of the square roots of the factors. Since p 2 k = p k , {\textstyle {\sqrt {p^{2k}}}=p^{k},} only roots of those primes having an odd power in the factorization are necessary.
When an equidiagonal kite has side lengths less than or equal to its diagonals, like this one or the square, it is one of the quadrilaterals with the greatest ratio of area to diameter. [ 22 ] A kite with three 108° angles and one 36° angle forms the convex hull of the lute of Pythagoras , a fractal made of nested pentagrams . [ 23 ]
The line segments AB and CD are perpendicular to each other. In mathematics, orthogonality is the generalization of the geometric notion of perpendicularity.Although many authors use the two terms perpendicular and orthogonal interchangeably, the term perpendicular is more specifically used for lines and planes that intersect to form a right angle, whereas orthogonal is used in generalizations ...
Follow the quadrilateral vertices in the same sequential direction and construct each square on the left hand side of each side of the given quadrilateral. The segments joining the centers of the squares constructed externally (or internally) to the quadrilateral over two opposite sides have been referred to as Van Aubel segments .
Informally: "a box or oblong" (including a square). Square (regular quadrilateral): all four sides are of equal length (equilateral), and all four angles are right angles. An equivalent condition is that opposite sides are parallel (a square is a parallelogram), and that the diagonals perpendicularly bisect each other and are of equal length.