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2-Pyrrolidone, also known as 2-pyrrolidinone or butyrolactam, is an organic compound consisting of a 5-membered lactam, making it the simplest γ-lactam. It is a colorless liquid that is miscible with water and most common organic solvents.
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is an organic compound consisting of a 5-membered lactam. It is a colorless liquid, although impure samples can appear yellow. It is miscible with water and with most common organic solvents. It also belongs to the class of dipolar aprotic solvents such as dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide.
It is produced industrially by vinylation of 2-pyrrolidone, i.e. the base-catalyzed reaction with acetylene. [2] It is the precursor to polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), an important synthetic material. The NVP monomer is commonly used as a reactive diluent in ultraviolet and electron-beam curable polymers applied as inks, coatings or adhesives. [2]
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Racetams are 2-pyrrolidone derivatives and may sometimes be referred to simply as pyrrolidones (2-oxopyrrolidines). [1] Many, but not all, specifically have a 2-oxo-1-pyrrolidine acetamide nucleus, which is the chemical structure of piracetam. Racetams are cyclic derivatives of the inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). [2]
Pyrrolidine, also known as tetrahydropyrrole, is an organic compound with the molecular formula (CH 2) 4 NH. It is a cyclic secondary amine, also classified as a saturated heterocycle.
Alkaloids with partial pyrrolidine structure are usually sub-categorized based on their occurrence and biogenetic origin. Hygrin and cuscohygrin were isolated from the leaves of the coca shrub, [2] while (-)-codonopsinine was isolated from the woodland vine tiger bell.
The amide group can be involved in hydrogen bonding to other nitrogen- and oxygen-containing species.. The predominant solid state form is 2-pyridone. This has been confirmed by X-ray crystallography which shows that the hydrogen in solid state is closer to the nitrogen than to the oxygen (because of the low electron density at the hydrogen the exact positioning is difficult), and IR ...